Co-reporter:Lijun Chen;Zhongbin Bao;Zhengrong Fu;Wen Li
Colloid Journal 2015 Volume 77( Issue 3) pp:374-381
Publication Date(Web):2015 May
DOI:10.1134/S1061933X15030059
The novel cross-linking (butyl acrylate-co-isobornyl methacrylate) colloids are prepared via semi-continuous seeded emulsion polymerization of butyl acrylate, isobornyl methacrylate and N-methylol acrylamide in aqueous phase using mixture of polyethylene glycol mono(octylphenyl) ether and sodium dodecyl sulphate as emulsifier and potassium persulphate as initiator. The optimal composition for preparing the novel cross-linking colloid was determined, and the structure of the as-prepared colloid was confirmed with FTIR spectrum. The formation of colloidal polymer was also corroborated by a difference between glass transition temperatures of colloid film and corresponding homopolymers. Calorimetry measurements showed that the colloid is composed of random copolymer. The particle size distribution exhibits unimodal character, suggesting a high stability of the colloid polymer.
Co-reporter:Lijun Chen
Journal of Surfactants and Detergents 2013 Volume 16( Issue 2) pp:197-202
Publication Date(Web):2013 March
DOI:10.1007/s11743-012-1373-9
Nonylphenol ethoxylates (NPEOs) are widely used as surfactants for emulsion polymerization and for post adding stabilization for latex applications in formulations with high filler content. However, NPEOs are bioaccumulative and persistent in the environment while nonylphenol, the breakdown product of NPEs, is an endrocrine disruptor. Therefore, it has been recommended to ban technical processes using NPEOs as surfactants. The acrylic polymer latex was prepared via semi-continuous seeded emulsion polymerization of butyl acrylate and methyl methacrylate in water phase initiated with potassium persulfate when nonylphenol ethoxylates are replaced with alkyl polyglycoside (APG) surfactants. The structure of the resultant acrylic polymer latex is confirmed with Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy spectrum. Differential scanning calorimetry confirms that the resultant latex is a kind of random copolymer and the consistency among the chain segment is fairly good. Influences of amount of APG on the properties of the resultant latex and its film were investigated. Results show that the particle size of the latex is decreased with the increase of the amount of APG. And the ionic stability of latex is also improved with the increase of the amount of APG. However, the water-resistance of the film of the latex is decreased with the increase of the amount of APG.
Co-reporter:Lijun Chen;Fengqin Wu
Journal of Applied Polymer Science 2012 Volume 123( Issue 4) pp:1997-2002
Publication Date(Web):
DOI:10.1002/app.34685
Abstract
Self crosslinking fluorinated acrylic latex (SCLFAL) has been successfully prepared via starved seeded semibatch emulsion polymerization of butyl acrylate (BA), methyl methacrylate (MMA), 2-(perfluoro-(1,1-bisisopropyl)-2-propenyl)oxyethyl methacrylate (POMA), and N-methylolacrylamide (NMA). The resultant SCLFAL is characterized by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectrometry and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). Influences of the added amount of NMA on the crosslinking degree, contact angle, particle size, and glass transition temperature (Tg) of the film are investigated. Results show that the crosslinking degree, contact angle, and Tg of the film can be improved when the moderate amount of NMA is introduced into the mixed monomers. However, the added amount of NMA has no marked effect on the particle size of SCLFAL. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2012
Co-reporter:Lijun Chen;Fengqin Wu
Journal of Applied Polymer Science 2012 Volume 125( Issue 1) pp:376-381
Publication Date(Web):
DOI:10.1002/app.35592
Abstract
Fluorinated acrylate latex was prepared by copolymerizing fluorinated monomer, butyl acrylate, and methyl methacrylate, which was initiated by potassium persulfate in the water. The resultant fluorinated latex and its film were characterized with contact angle determinator, dynamic light scattering detector, and differential scanning calorimetry, respectively. Influence of type of fluorinated monomers on colloidal and polymer properties of fluorinated acrylate latex was studied. Results show that the coagulation rate, particle size, contact angle, glass transition temperature, and chemical resistance are increased with the increase of the number of fluorine atom in the fluorinated monomer. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2012
Co-reporter:Lijun Chen;Fengqin Wu
Journal of Applied Polymer Science 2011 Volume 122( Issue 2) pp:819-826
Publication Date(Web):
DOI:10.1002/app.34064
Abstract
BA-MMA-POMA copolymer latex was successfully prepared by soap-free emulsion polymerization of 2-(perfluoro-(1,1-bisisopropyl)-2-propenyl)oxyethyl methacrylate(POMA) with butyl acrylate(BA), methyl methacrylate (MMA) initiated by K2S2O8 in the water. POMA was synthesized from the intermediate perfluoro nonene and 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate as the staring reactants. The structure of BA-MMA-POMA copolymer latex was investigated by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR). The characteristics of the film such as hydrophobicity and glass transition temperature were characterized with the contact angle and differential scanning calorimetry respectively. The influences of the amount of the fluorinated monomer and the initiator on the soap-free emulsion polymerization and performance of the latex were studied. In addition, comparison with the latex prepared by the conventional emulsifier SDBS is investigated. Results show that the hydrophobicity and glass transition temperature (Tg) of the latex are increased when the fluorinated monomer is introduced to copolymerize with other monomers. The hydrophobicity can be improved further with heating. Compared with the latices prepared by using SDBS emulsifier, the latices prepared by using HMPS emulsifier have larger particle size, higher surface tension. However, the difference of their Tg is extremely minute. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2011
Co-reporter:Lijun Chen, Hongxin Shi, Hongke Wu, Juping Xiang
Colloids and Surfaces A: Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects 2011 Volume 384(1–3) pp:331-336
Publication Date(Web):5 July 2011
DOI:10.1016/j.colsurfa.2011.04.008
The novel fluorinated anionic surfactant sodium p-perfluorononenyloxy benzene sulfonate (SPBS) was successfully prepared by sulfonation of p-perfluorononenyl phenyl ether (PPE). PPE was synthesized from the intermediate perfluoro nonene and phenol as the staring reactants. The structure of SPBS was investigated by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectrometry and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). The reaction conditions of preparing PPE and SPBS are optimized, respectively. The combined properties of SPBS are studied. The optimum reaction conditions of preparing PPE and SPBS are as follows: (a) synthesizing PPE: reaction temperature is 65; and the mole ratio of perfluoro nonene to triethylamine is 1:0.50; and the mole ratio of perfluoro nonene to phenol is 1:1.3; and the reaction time is 3.5 h; (b) synthesizing SPBS: the mole ratio of PPE to sulfur trioxide is 1:1.20; and the sulfonating time is 60 min. Results show that SPBS has excellent surface activity and combined properties.Graphical abstractFig. 7 shows that critical micelle concentrations (CMC) of SPBS and SDS are nearly the same. However, the surface tension of SPBS at CMC is much lower than that of SDS. This indicates that the SPBS has excellent surface activity because of the introduction of C–F group.Highlights► The novel fluorinated anionic surfactant sodium p-perfluorononenyloxy benzene sulfonate (SPBS), which did not belong to perfluorooctane sulphonate, was successfully prepared by sulfonation of p-perfluorononenyl phenyl ether (PPE). ► PPE was synthesized from the intermediate perfluoro nonene and phenol as the staring reactants. ► SPBS has excellent surface activity and combined properties.
Co-reporter:Lijun Chen, Fengqin Wu
Colloids and Surfaces A: Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects 2011 Volume 392(Issue 1) pp:300-304
Publication Date(Web):5 December 2011
DOI:10.1016/j.colsurfa.2011.10.008
A series of acrylic polymer colloids were prepared via semi-continuous seeded emulsion polymerization of BA and MMA in water phase when OP-10 and AIBI is used to be emulsifier and initiator, respectively. FTIR spectrum identifies the formation of copolymers of P (MMA-co-BA). DSC confirms that the colloid is a kind of random copolymer and the consistency among the chain segment is fairly good. The emulsion polymerization conditions of preparing acrylic polymer colloid are optimized. Results show that the conversion rate is high and the coagulum is low and the particle size of the acrylic polymer colloids is small when the amount of AIBI is 0.75 g. The polymerization temperature is 70 °C, which is lower than the one that the emulsion polymerization is initiated with the persulfate.Graphical abstractThe conversion rate of monomers is gradually increased with the increase of the amount of AIBI. However, the coagulum rate is decreased firstly, and then is increased with the increase of the amount of AIBI.Highlights► AIBI is used to initiate the emulsion polymerization of BA and MMA firstly. ► Conversion is high and coagulum is low when the moderate amount of AIBI is added. ► Reaction temperature is lower than the one that is initiated with persulfate.
Co-reporter:L. J. Chen;F. Q. Wu
Polymer Science, Series B 2011 Volume 53( Issue 11-12) pp:606-611
Publication Date(Web):2011 December
DOI:10.1134/S1560090411120013
The novel fluorinated polyacrylate latex was successfully prepared by emulsion polymerization of perfluorononylene allyl ether, butyl acrylate and methyl methacrylate initiated by potassium persulfate in water and emulsified with the reactive surfactant. Films of the novel fluorinated polyacrylate latex were prepared by coating the latex directly on the clean glass sheet and allowed to dry at 80°C in the bake oven. The characteristics of the film such as hydrophobicity and glass transition temperature were studied; its structure was investigated by FTIR spectrometry and NMR. The influence of the fluorinated monomer content on the emulsion polymerization and performance of the latex were also studied. It was shown that the hydrophobicity and glass transition temperature of the latex are improved when the fluorinated monomer is introduced to copolymerize with other monomers, however, the stability of emulsion polymer and the conversion rate is decreased with the increase of its content.
Co-reporter:Lijun Chen, Hongxin Shi, Hongke Wu, Juping Xiang
Journal of Fluorine Chemistry 2010 Volume 131(Issue 6) pp:731-737
Publication Date(Web):June 2010
DOI:10.1016/j.jfluchem.2010.03.009
The novel fluorinated acrylate resin was successfully prepared by solution polymerization of 2-(perfluoro-(1,1-bis-isopropyl)-2-propenyl)oxyethyl methacrylate (POMA) with butyl acrylate (BA), methyl methacrylate (MMA) and methacrylic acid (MAA) initiated by AIBN in the co-solvents of ethyl acetate, butyl alcohol and toluene. POMA was synthesized from the intermediate perfluoro nonene and 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate as the staring reactants. Films of the novel fluorinated acrylate resin were prepared by coating the resin directly on the clean glass sheet and allowed to dry at room temperature. The characteristics of the film such as hydrophobicity, glass transition temperature and thermal stability were characterized with the contact angle, differential scanning calorimetry and thermo-gravimetric analysis respectively. The structure of the novel fluorinated acrylate resin was investigated by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectrometry. The influences of the fluorine content on the performance of the acrylate resin were studied. Results show that the hydrophobicity, chemical resistance, glass transition temperature and thermal stability of the acrylate resin are improved when the fluorinated monomer is introduced to copolymerize with other monomers. However, the hydrophobicity of the fluorinated acrylate resin is improved slightly via annealing.Using the intermediate perfluoro nonene and 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate as the staring reactants, we would like to report the convenient method to synthesize a new fluorinated acrylate resin by the solution polymerization technique. The hydrophobicity of the acrylate resin is improved greatly when the fluorinated monomer is introduced to copolymerize with other monomers. Plausible reaction mechanism of synthesizing POMA is also given.
Co-reporter:Lijun Chen, Hongxin Shi, Hongke Wu, Juping Xiang
Colloids and Surfaces A: Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects 2010 Volume 368(1–3) pp:148-153
Publication Date(Web):20 September 2010
DOI:10.1016/j.colsurfa.2010.07.032
Double fluorinated acrylate latex (DFAL) has been successfully prepared by macromolecule reaction between m-trifluoromethylphenylamine (m-TFMPA) and the single fluorinated acrylate latex (SFAL), which is prepared by semi-continuous seeded emulsion polymerization of butyl acrylate (BA), methyl methacrylate (MMA) 2-(perfluoro-(1,1-bis-isopropyl)-2-propenyl)oxyethyl methacrylate (POMA) and glycidyl methacrylate (GMA). The resultant DFAL is characterized by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectrometry, contact angle determinator, dynamic light scattering detector and thermo-gravimetric analysis (TGA). Results show that the contact angle of DFAL film is improved in comparison with that of SFAL film. The surface properties especially the contact angle of the film with annealing have been improved greatly because more fluorine atom is introduced into the molecule of acrylate latex and moves to the surface of the film. However, the thermal stability of the DFAL film is not improved.
Co-reporter:Lijun Chen, Fengqin Wu
Journal of Saudi Chemical Society (November 2014) Volume 18(Issue 5) pp:545-550
Publication Date(Web):1 November 2014
DOI:10.1016/j.jscs.2011.10.025
Fluorinated acrylate latex was successfully prepared by semi-continuous seeded emulsion polymerization of dodecafluoroheptyl methacrylate (DFMA) with butyl acrylate (BA), methyl methacrylate (MMA) initiated by potassium persulfate in the water. The resultant latexes and their films are characterized with Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectrometry, contact angle determinator, dynamic light scattering detector and surface tension determinator. Effect of different surfactants on colloidal and polymer properties of fluorinated acrylate latex was studied. Results show that the latex prepared with sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate surfactant has the smallest particle size and contact angle but the moderate surface tension. The latex prepared with perfluorooctanesulfonic acid potassium surfactant has the smallest surface tension, moderate particle size but the biggest contact angle. The latex prepared with sodium 2-hydroxy-3-(methacryloyloxy) prop- ane-1-sulfonate surfactant has the biggest particle size and surface tension but moderate contact angle. In addition, the latex prepared with sodium 2-hydroxy-3-(methacryloyloxy) prop- ane-1-sulfonate has higher electrolyte stability.
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