Chemical investigation on the stem and root of Melicope pteleifolia afforded three new prenylated benzene metabolites as racemic mixtures, named pteleifolins A–C (1–3, resp.). Their gross structures were elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic analysis, especially 2D-NMR experiments. An enantiomer resolution of (±)-1 using chiral HPLC was performed, and the absolute configuration of the enantiomers were determined to be (+)-(S)-1 and (−)-(R)-1 by means of circular-dichroism analysis.

Three new 3(4),9(10)-disecocycloartane peroxy triterpene lactones, named as pseudolarolides Q₂, T₁, and T₂ (1–3, resp.), along with five known triterpenoids, were isolated from the seeds of Pseudolarix kaempferiGord. Their structures were elucidated to be (9R,10R,16R,23R,25R)-16,23-epoxy-9,10-epidioxy-3,4:9,10-disecocycloart-1(2)-ene-3,4:26,23-diolide (1), (1R,9R,10S,16R,23S,25R)-1,4:16,23-diepoxy-9,10-epidioxy-3,4;9,10-disecocycloartan-26(23)-olid-3-oic acid methyl ester (2), and (1R,9R,10S,16R,23R,25R)-1,4:16,23-diepoxy-9,10-epidioxy-3,4;9,10-disecocycloartan-26(23)-olid-3-oic acid methyl ester (3) on the basis of spectroscopic analysis.

A new purine derivative, 3-(3-methylbut-2-en-1-yl)isoguanine (1), and a new cleistanthane-type diterpenoid glucoside, 19-hydroxyspruceanol 19-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (2), together with eight known compounds were isolated from the whole plant of Phyllanthus reticulatus. The structures were elucidated by chemical and spectroscopic methods.

Three new, 1–3, and seven known phenolic and terpenic glycosides were isolated from the BuOH-soluble fraction of 95% EtOH extract of the roots and rhizomes of Celastrus orbiculatus. The structures of the new compounds were elucidated as carvacrol 2-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(16)-β-D-glucopyranoside (1), 5-methoxycarvacrol 2-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(16)-β-D-glucopyranoside (2), and 15-hydroxytorreyol 10-O-β-D-apiofuranosyl-(16)-β-D-glucopyranoside (3) on the basis of spectroscopic analysis and chemical methods.

Two new diterpenoid glucosides, clerodendranthusides B and C (1 and 2, resp.), together with 16 known compounds, comprising four lignans, five miscellaneous phenylpropanoids, two flavonoids, one sesquiterpenoid glycoside, two triterpenoid glycosides, one megastigmane, as well as one anthraquinone, were isolated from the 50% EtOH extract of the whole plants of Clerodendrathus spicatus. Their structures were elucidated by chemical and spectroscopic methods.