Myroides odoratimimus (M. odoratimimus) has been gradually implicated as an important nosocomial pathogen that poses a serious health threat to immunocompromised patients owing to its multi-drug resistance. However, the resistance mechanism is currently unclear. To clarify the antibiotic resistance and infectivity mechanisms of M. odoratimimus, whole genome sequencing was performed on the multi-drug-resistant M. odoratimimus strain PR63039. The genome sequence was completed with single molecule real-time (SMRT) technologies. Then, annotation was performed using RAST and IMG-ER. A number of databases and software programs were used to analyze the genomic characteristics, including GC-Profile, ISfinder, CG viewer, ARDB, CARD, ResFinder, the VFDB database, PHAST and Progressive Mauve. The M. odoratimimus PR63039 genome consisted of a chromosome and a plasmid. The genome contained a large number of resistance genes and virulence factors. The distribution of the resistance genes was distinctive, and a resistance region named MY63039-RR was found. The subsystem features generated by RAST indicated that the annotated genome had 108 genes that were potentially involved in virulence, disease and defense, all of which had strong associations with resistance and pathogenicity. The prophage analysis showed two incomplete prophages in the genome. The genomic analysis of M. odoratimimus PR63039 partially clarified its antibiotic resistance mechanisms and virulence factors. Obtaining a clear understanding of its genomic characteristics will be conducive to the management of multidrug-resistant M. odoratimimus.

Bacteria of the genus Myroides (Myroides spp.) are rare opportunistic pathogens. Myroides sp. infections have been reported mainly in China. Myroides sp. is highly resistant to most available antibiotics, but the resistance mechanisms are not fully elucidated. Current strain identification methods based on biochemical traits are unable to identify strains accurately at the species level. While 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) gene sequencing can accurately achieve this, it fails to give information on the status and mechanisms of antibiotic resistance, because the 16S rRNA sequence contains no information on resistance genes, resistance islands or enzymes. We hypothesized that obtaining the whole genome sequence of Myroides sp., using next generation sequencing methods, would help to clarify the mechanisms of pathogenesis and antibiotic resistance, and guide antibiotic selection to treat Myroides sp. infections. As Myroides sp. can survive in hospitals and the environment, there is a risk of nosocomial infections and pandemics. For better management of Myroides sp. infections, it is imperative to apply next generation sequencing technologies to clarify the antibiotic resistance mechanisms in these bacteria.芳香黄杆菌广泛耐药,一旦感染很难治愈。其耐药机制尚不清楚,需要进一步研究。本文对国内外的芳香黄杆菌病例进行全面总结,分析该细菌的抗生素耐药情况、耐药机制、病人预后、医院内爆发感染和流行的风险,以及目前实验室应用的诊断方法,指出全基因组测序应用于阐明其耐药机制的可行性和迫切性

In this paper, near-infrared emitting long-persistence luminescent Zn3Ga2Ge2O10:Cr3+ (ZGG) nanoparticles with diameters of 30–100 nm and bright luminescence were prepared by a sol–gel synthesis method. After the surface amination, the nanoparticles were further bioconjugated with breast cancer-specific monoclonal antibody (anti-EpCAM) to form ZGG-EpCAM nanoprobes which can specifically target breast cancer cell lines (MCF7) in vitro. The results of in vitro images show that the luminescence signals from the cells treated with ZGG-EpCAM nanoprobes are stronger than those from cells treated with ZGG-unconjugated antibody, indicating that the prepared ZGG-EpCAM nanoprobes possessed excellent specific recognition capability. Furthermore, due to their long afterglow properties, the imaging could persist more than 1 h. Therefore, these nanoprobes could not only provide a high specificity detection method for cancer cells but also realize the long-time monitoring. Developed near-infrared emitting long-persistence luminescent nanoprobes will be expected to find new perspectives for cell therapy research and diagnosis applications.