⿢The chromatographic separation methods of imidazole alkaloids on Lepidium meyenii Walpers were established.⿢Two new imidazole alkaloids, Lepidiline C (1) and Lepidiline D (2) were isolated.⿢Their structures were elucidated on the basis of HPLC⿿MS, 1D and 2D NMR, FTIR and UV spectra.Lepidium meyenii Walpers, a well-known crop with a long history in Peru, has been utilized in the Andean region as foodstuff and medical supply. In our study, ethanol extract was obtained from the dried root of this plant and then chemically investigated. Two new imidazole alkaloids, namely, lepidiline C (1) and D (2), along with two known imidazole alkaloids (lepidiline A and B), were isolated through semi-preparative high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Their structures were elucidated through HPLC⿿mass spectrometry, 1D and 2D proton nuclear magnetic resonance, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and ultraviolet spectrophotometry.

A headspace solid-phase microextraction (HS-SPME) method was used to extract the essential oil of Osmanthus fragrans Lour., which was then analysed by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS) at four different stages of flowering. The primary chemical components of the essential oil extracted from O. fragrans were linalool and its oxide, α-ionone, β-ionone, nerol, γ-decalactone, 9,12,15-octadecatrienoic acid, and hexadecanoic acid, most of which were at their highest concentrations in extracts obtained from flowers at the initial flowering stage. HS-SPME using a PDMS/DVB fibre is a simple, rapid, and solvent-free method for the extraction of volatile compounds emitted from living O. fragrans. HS-SPME with GC–MS can be used to determine the aromatic maturity in O.fragrans, to decide the optimal harvest date. The initial flowering stage was the best time to harvest O. fragrans.