The Fourier representation method developed by Flamant and the present authors for systems periodic in one dimension is used for the first time in ab initio studies that include many-body computations of electron correlation effects. Second-order corrections to the restricted Hartree–Fock energy and energy band gaps are computed in the Møller–Plesset scheme. Systems investigated include H2, Be, and LiH chains, and comparison is made with direct-space extended-system and oligomer computations. The results confirm the validity of the methods used and illustrate the improvement in convergence relative to direct-space computations.