Lithium–oxygen batteries are regarded as the most promising candidate for future energy storage systems. However, their poor rechargeability and low efficiency remain critical barriers for practical applications. By using first-principles computations, we disclosed that NiFe2O4 has superior oxygen evolution reaction (OER) activity for the decomposition of Li2O2. Guided by computations, we prepared a composite of NiFe2O4 and carbon nanotubes (CNTs) through a hydrothermal route and applied it to Li–O2 batteries. The batteries with NiFe2O4–CNT air cathodes displayed lower charging overpotential and better cycling performance than those with CNT air cathodes. The improved electrochemical performance was attributed to the high OER activity of NiFe2O4 for the decomposition of Li2O2.

Rechargeable alkali metal–air batteries are considered as the most promising candidate for the power source of electric vehicles (EVs) due to their high energy density. However, the practical application of metal–air batteries is still challenging. In the past decade, many strategies have been purposed and explored, which promoted the development of metal–air batteries. The reaction mechanisms have been gradually clarified and catalysts have been rationally designed for air cathodes. In this review, we summarize the recent development of alkali metal–air batteries from four parts: metal anodes, electrolytes, air cathodes and reactant gases, wherein we highlight the important achievement in this filed. Finally problems and prospective are discussed towards the future development of alkali metal–air batteries.Download high-res image (183KB)Download full-size image

Lithium–oxygen batteries are regarded as the most promising candidate for future energy storage systems. However, their poor rechargeability and low efficiency remain critical barriers for practical applications. By using first-principles computations, we disclosed that NiFe2O4 has superior oxygen evolution reaction (OER) activity for the decomposition of Li2O2. Guided by computations, we prepared a composite of NiFe2O4 and carbon nanotubes (CNTs) through a hydrothermal route and applied it to Li–O2 batteries. The batteries with NiFe2O4–CNT air cathodes displayed lower charging overpotential and better cycling performance than those with CNT air cathodes. The improved electrochemical performance was attributed to the high OER activity of NiFe2O4 for the decomposition of Li2O2.