Jianzhong Shao

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Organization: Zhejiang Sci-Tech University

Department: Key Laboratory of Advanced Textile Materials and Manufacturing Technology, Ministry of Education

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TOPICS

Polymer

Polyesters Photopolymerization Plasma Polymerization

Chemicals
References

Preparation and characterization of Phthalocyanine Blue encapsulated with silane coupling agent for blue light curable inkjet printing of textiles

Co-reporter:Chenglong Wang, Lili Wang, Yi Huang, Xuying Nan, Qinguo Fan, Jianzhong Shao

Dyes and Pigments 2017 Volume 139(Volume 139) pp:

Publication Date(Web):1 April 2017

DOI:10.1016/j.dyepig.2016.12.031

•A novel reactive organic pigment complex was prepared by MPS encapsulated on the surface of the pigment.•The physical shielding effect can be reduced by increasing the photoinitiator concentration and irradiation intensities.•The colorfastness to crocking of the printed fabric with reactive organic pigment complex was improved.A novel reactive organic pigment complex was prepared by 3-(Trimethoxysilyl) propyl methacrylate encapsulated on the surface of the organic pigment. The preparation conditions of the reactive organic pigment complex were optimized and the properties were characterized by FT-IR, DLS and UV–vis. The reactive organic pigment complex was used in blue-light curable pigment inks. The results showed that the photo-polymerization performance of the novel blue light curable pigment ink system was markedly increased in comparison with conventional pigment-based ink systems. The physical shielding effect of pigment particles on photo-polymerization performance can be reduced by increasing the photoinitiator concentration and irradiation intensities. The colorfastness to crocking of printed fabric was remarkably improved. However, the particle size of reactive organic pigment complex was slightly increased.Download high-res image (171KB)Download full-size image

Interface–gravity joint self-assembly behaviors of P(St-MAA) colloidal microspheres on polyester fabric substrates

Co-reporter:Liqin Chai;Lan Zhou;Guojin Liu;Yichen Li;Qinguo Fan

Journal of Materials Science 2017 Volume 52( Issue 9) pp:5060-5071

Publication Date(Web):04 January 2017

DOI:10.1007/s10853-016-0743-5

P(St-MAA) photonic crystals of face-centered cubic structure in bright structural colors were fabricated on polyester fabrics by interface–gravity joint self-assembly. The elaborate self-assembly process was investigated by digital camera, 3D video microscope, and field emission scanning electron microscopy, and the possible interface–gravity joint self-assembly and crystallization mechanisms of the colloidal microspheres on polyester fabric substrates were proposed. It was confirmed that the interface–gravity joint self-assembly on polyester fabrics was composed of two different self-assembly processes simultaneously, in which the rate of interfacial self-assembly driven by capillary force and convection effect is much faster than the gravitational sedimentation self-assembly under the gravity. With the evaporation of solvent, an ordered colloidal crystal structure was gradually formed in the interfacial self-assembly on the air–liquid interface with a disorder-to-order transition during crystallization stage and covered on the polyester fabric substrate filled with colloidal microspheres in gaps between yarns and fibers during gravitational sedimentation self-assembly.

Fabrication of reactive pigment composite particles for blue-light curable inkjet printing of textiles

Co-reporter:Chenglong Wang;Lili Wang;Yi Huang;Yiding Meng;Guangdong Sun;Qinguo Fan

RSC Advances (2011-Present) 2017 vol. 7(Issue 57) pp:36175-36184

Publication Date(Web):2017/07/17

DOI:10.1039/C7RA04576J

The reactive pigment composite particles were fabricated by a two-step method. Phthalocyanine Blue (PB) was encapsulated with silica through a Sol–Gel method in the first step, and the encapsulation conditions were optimized. 3-(Trimethoxysilyl)propyl methacrylate was then grafted onto the silica encapsulated organic pigment (EPB) in the second step, and the FT-IR analysis indicated that the relevant functional groups had been introduced onto the EPB. The particle size, hydrophilicity and the color characteristics of the Reactive Phthalocyanine Blue (RPB) changed little in comparison with PB. The photo-polymerization performance of the RPB-based ink showed a certain increase, and the fastness toward crocking of the printed fabrics was coordinately improved.

Study on the effects of the characteristics of textile substrates on the photonic crystal films and the related structural colors

Co-reporter:Yichen Li, Lan Zhou, Guoqing Zhang, Guojin Liu, Qinguo Fan, Jianzhong Shao

Surface and Coatings Technology 2017 Volume 319(Volume 319) pp:

Publication Date(Web):15 June 2017

DOI:10.1016/j.surfcoat.2017.04.017

•Structural color films based on photonic crystal were fabricated on the surface of textile substrates.•Effects of the surface morphology of textile substrates on the resultant structural color films were investigated.•Effects of the physical and chemical properties of textile substrates on the resultant photonic crystal were studied.In order to reveal the relationships between the textile fabric substrates and photonic crystal structures, polyester and silk fabrics in different textures were taken as typical textile substrates to fabricate SiO2 photonic crystal films (PCFs) via gravitational sedimentation self-assembly. The influences of the surface morphology and the basic physical and chemical properties of the fabric substrates on the PCFs as well as the related structural colors were thoroughly investigated by means of optical microscope, field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM) and UV–Vis spectrometer, and the related mechanisms were profoundly analyzed. The results showed that the well-ordered PCFs are easier to be obtained on compact and flat fabric substrates. The textile fibers with less polar groups and water-soluble groups on the macromolecular chains might facilitate colloidal microspheres to fill in the voids and gaps between fibers and yarns during the initial self-assembly process and avail more residual colloidal microspheres in colloidal dispersion to participate in the subsequent self-assembly. In addition, good dimensional stability of the fabric substrates might be beneficial for high quality PCFs formation.

Fabrication of patterned photonic crystals with brilliant structural colors on fabric substrates using ink-jet printing technology

Co-reporter:Guojin Liu, Lan Zhou, Guoqing Zhang, Yichen Li, Liqin Chai, Qinguo Fan, Jianzhong Shao

Materials & Design 2017 Volume 114(Volume 114) pp:

Publication Date(Web):15 January 2017

DOI:10.1016/j.matdes.2016.09.102

•Ink-jet printing technology was applied in fabricating photonic crystals on fabrics.•The formulation of poly (styrene-methacrylic acid) colloidal inks was investigated.•The “coffee ring” effects were suppressed by adding formamide with high boiling points into inks as a co-solvent.•The resultant photonic crystal patterns exhibited brilliant structural colors and distinct iridescent phenomenon.In order to develop a fast, efficient and drop-on-demand method to produce structural colors, ink-jet printing technology was applied in fabricating photonic crystals on fabric substrates. The formulation of poly (styrene-methacrylic acid) (P(St-MAA)) colloidal inks, especially, the “coffee ring” effects on deposited droplets and the related suppression method were detailedly investigated through characterizing the morphology and color changes of the ink-jetted droplets, and different drop-on-demand ink-jet printers were used to print the photonic crystal patterns. The results showed that 10 vol% P(St-MAA) colloidal microspheres and 4–6 vol% Formamide (FA) were the main components of the colloidal inks, in which the addition of FA effectively suppressed the “coffee ring” effects by producing a surface tension gradient from the edge of the droplet to center and inducing an inward capillary flow from the edge to the center along the droplet surface due to its higher boiling point and lower surface tension. In addition, the resultant photonic crystal patterns exhibited vivid structural colors and distinct iridescent phenomenon.Download high-res image (206KB)Download full-size image

Study on the correlations between the structural colors of photonic crystals and the base colors of textile fabric substrates

Co-reporter:Lan Zhou, Yichen Li, Guojin Liu, Qinguo Fan, Jianzhong Shao

Dyes and Pigments 2016 Volume 133() pp:435-444

Publication Date(Web):October 2016

DOI:10.1016/j.dyepig.2016.06.032

•Three typical photonic crystals on fabrics were obtained by vertical deposition self-assembly.•The correlations between the structural colors and the base colors on fabrics were investigated.•The related iridescent phenomena on fabrics in different base colors were studied.Three typical colloidal microspheres were synthesized to fabricate three-dimensional photonic crystals on the polyester fabrics in different base colors by vertical deposition self-assembly. The influences of different kinds of base colors on the final colors of the assembled fabric substrates and the related iridescent phenomena were deeply investigated. The results showed that the white base color could dilute the structural color of the photonic crystals to greatest extent, however, the black base color could highlight the structural color at the most extent. If the base color of fabric substrate has the similar hue to the structural color of photonic crystals, it has little influence on the final color of the assembled fabrics. However, the final color has the lower saturation if the base color of fabric substrate is the complementary color of the photonic crystals. In addition, the assembled fabrics in various base colors still have the iridescent phenomena.Figure optionsDownload full-size imageDownload as PowerPoint slide

Efficient visible photoinitiator with high-spectrum stability in an acid medium for free-radical and free-radical-promoted cationic photopolymerization based on erythrosine B derivatives

Co-reporter:Xuying Nan;Yi Huang;Qinguo Fan;Yuhua Yao

Journal of Applied Polymer Science 2016 Volume 133( Issue 10) pp:

Publication Date(Web):

DOI:10.1002/app.43035

ABSTRACT

Three dye-linked photoinitiators with excellent spectral stability in an acid medium were synthesized by the covalent bonding of a coinitiator (tertiary amine) and a benzoyl group or two coinitiators to the phenolic and carboxyl group position of erythrosine B. The combination of the iodonium salt and free tertiary amino used to initiate the free-radical/cationic visible photopolymerization was investigated to acquire the relationship between the structure and performance. The photoinitiating ability of the derivative with the phenolic position bearing a coinitiator was poorer than of the derivative with the carboxyl group bearing one because of the strong back electron transfer of the former. For the derivative with a linked coinitiator on the carboxyl position, the proximity effect between the sensitizer and the coinitiator moiety resulted in an excellent photoinitiating ability for radical/cationic polymerization; this suggested its potential for application. Although radical/cationic photopolymerization could be initiated by the derivative/coinitiator/iodonium salt, the different component ratios between them had different effects on these two polymerizations; this provided useful information for the design of effective photoinitiators for different polymerizations. On the basis of the fluorescence quenching and photopolymerization results, a corresponding synergistic mechanism was proposed. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2016, 133, 43035.

Study on the aging and yellowing properties of sebum-soiled cotton fabrics

Co-reporter:Yalun Yu;Muyuan Cai;Lan Zhou

Fibers and Polymers 2016 Volume 17( Issue 2) pp:305-309

Publication Date(Web):2016 February

DOI:10.1007/s12221-016-5182-z

The accumulation and autoxidation of residual oily soil from human sebum is regarded as a major reason for the aging and yellowing of clothing and household textiles. In this study, the yellowing degree of cotton fabrics soiled with human sebum components and aged under various environmental conditions (various temperatures, humidities and light intensities etc.) were investigated. The representative sebum components including olive oil, squalene, oleic acid and cottonseed oil were selected and their chemical changes were studied by FTIR analysis. The results showed that, olive oil, squalene, oleic acid and cottonseed oil could caused more significant fabric-yellowing than other components in human sebum, and the yellowing degree could become higher with increasing temperatures, humidities and/or light intensities of aging environments. The chemical structures of olive oil, squalene and oleic acid changed remarkably after aging treatment. The aging products contained hydroxyl groups and carbonyl groups, and the conjugated C=O group was considered to be the chemical species leading to the yellowing of sebum-soiled fabrics.

Study on the binding strength of polystyrene photonic crystals on polyester fabrics

Co-reporter:Guojin Liu;Lan Zhou;Guoqing Zhang;Liqin Chai;Yichen Li

Journal of Materials Science 2016 Volume 51( Issue 19) pp:8953-8964

Publication Date(Web):2016 October

DOI:10.1007/s10853-016-0146-7

Four different polystyrene colloidal microspheres were used to fabricate the photonic crystals on polyester fabrics via vertical deposition self-assembly. The binding strength of the resultant photonic crystals was evaluated by designing and performing the bending and folding test and the washing test. The differences in binding strength among the resultant photonic crystals on polyester fabrics were thoroughly investigated by means of digital camera, three-dimensional video microscope, field-emission scanning electron microscopy, and transmission electron microscopy, and the related mechanisms were profoundly analyzed. It was confirmed that the binding strength of the resultant polystyrene photonic crystals on fabrics is closely linked to their own compactness and the adhesive property between the microspheres and the fabric substrates. In general, the microspheres with softer polymer shell could easily adhere to the yarns, fibers, and their own adjacent microspheres to improve the binding strength between the photonic crystals and the fabrics. Moreover, the softer microspheres can more easily form the compact photonic crystal structure, and the array of the colloidal microspheres with more compactness in photonic crystals could possess better binding strength. However, too compact a photonic crystal structure might make the surrounding medium among colloidal array disappear and form a transparent film with uniform refractive index on fabric surface, leading to the lack of photonic band gap and the related optical properties.

The vertical deposition self-assembly process and the formation mechanism of poly(styrene-co-methacrylic acid) photonic crystals on polyester fabrics

Co-reporter:Guojin Liu;Lan Zhou;Qinguo Fan;Liqin Chai

Journal of Materials Science 2016 Volume 51( Issue 6) pp:2859-2868

Publication Date(Web):2016 March

DOI:10.1007/s10853-015-9594-8

Three-dimensional (3D) photonic crystals with structural colors were successfully fabricated on soft polyester fabrics through the vertical deposition self-assembly of monodispersed poly(styrene-co-methacrylic acid) (P(St-MAA)) colloidal microspheres. The elaborate process was investigated by digital camera, 3D video microscope, and field emission scanning electron microscopy, and the formation mechanism and the self-assembly mode of photonic crystal on the fabrics were proposed. It was confirmed that during the evaporation of the colloidal dispersion medium, the surface of the dispersion moved down slowly, and the photonic crystal structure was deposited gradually onto the fabrics due to two effects of capillary force, one being from the meniscus between the P(St-MAA) colloidal microspheres and the vertical polyester fabric substrate, and another from the liquid bridges between adjacent P(St-MAA) colloidal microspheres. The array of colloidal microspheres underwent a disorder-to-order transition during the formation stage, generating a series of varying structural colors in the process. Different from those on solid nonporous substrates, the vertical deposition process firstly occurred in the gaps of fibers, then in the fiber surfaces, and eventually formed the ordered photonic crystal structure on polyester fabric substrates.

Properties of anti-UV-finished cotton fabrics cured by blue light irradiation

Co-reporter:Haidong Zhang;Yi Huang;Chenglong Wang;Lili Wang

Fibers and Polymers 2016 Volume 17( Issue 3) pp:396-401

Publication Date(Web):2016 March

DOI:10.1007/s12221-016-5648-z

To decrease the pollution discharge and energy consumption resulting from textile finishing using the conventional pad-dry-cure process, a blue light-curable digital finishing for textile was innovatively proposed. Based on the mechanism of blue light curing technique, a combination of the blue light curing process and anti-UV finishing was established in this study. A blue light-curable anti-UV finishing solution containing oligomers, monomers, photoinitiators, and anti-UV agents was padded onto the surface of the cotton fabrics, and then cured to form a tough film under blue light irradiation. The ultraviolet protection factor (UPF) value of the finished cotton fabrics was 50, the top level of international standards, demonstrating excellent UV resistance. The finished cotton fabrics also showed good rubbing and washing durability, and acceptable handle. The integration of an anti-UV finishing with the blue light curing technique presents some unique advantages in terms of environmental protection and application potential.

Efficient visible photoinitiator containing linked dye-coinitiator and iodonium salt for free radical polymerization

Co-reporter:Xuying Nan, Yi Huang, Qinguo Fan, Jianzhong Shao

Progress in Organic Coatings 2015 Volume 81() pp:11-18

Publication Date(Web):April 2015

DOI:10.1016/j.porgcoat.2014.12.013

•Two novel dye-linked photoinitiators were synthesized.•The dye-linked photoinitiator combining with iodonium salt had a higher sensitivity.•Another mechanism of iodonium salt enhancing photopolymerization was proposed.Dye-linked initiators consisting of erythrosine B as a chromophore and ethyl 4-dimethylaminobenzoate as an electron donor linked by a different number of methylene units were prepared to achieve efficient photoinitiators of free radical polymerization in a visible-light region. The relative photoinitiating efficiencies of novel photoinitiators in photopolymerization of acrylates were evaluated. The results showed that the photoinitiating system composed of the dye-linked dyad with short methylene unit chain and diphenyliodonium salt exhibited a remarkable increase in the photoinitiation ability compared to unlinked three-component system. The enhancement mechanism aroused by the onium salt was investigated. These results showed that the excellent initiating efficiency of this system could be attributed to the favorable intramolecular photoinduced electron transfer and the close distance between reaction components caused by electrostatic interactions. This result demonstrated the importance and potential of the linked photoinitiator in the design of new efficient photoinitiators.

Study on the high hydrophobicity and its possible mechanism of textile fabric with structural colors of three-dimensional poly(styrene-methacrylic acid) photonic crystals

Co-reporter:Guojin Liu, Lan Zhou, Cuicui Wang, Yujiang Wu, Yichen Li, Qinguo Fan and Jianzhong Shao

RSC Advances 2015 vol. 5(Issue 77) pp:62855-62863

Publication Date(Web):16 Jul 2015

DOI:10.1039/C5RA08585C

In our previous research, the structural color properties of poly(styrene-methacrylic acid) (P(St-MAA)) photonic crystals fabricated on soft textile fabrics by colloidal self-assembly method has been investigated. However, the hydrophobicity property of the resultant textile fabrics was rarely reported. Through the application of field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM) and wettability analyses, a possible mechanism of hydrophobicity of resultant textile fabrics was proposed. It was confirmed that the hydrophobic P(St-MAA) colloidal microspheres could almost completely fill in most of the gaps of textile fabrics and form a uniform photonic crystal film on textile fabrics in the end of the assembly process, which effectively prevents water droplets from infiltrating through the surface of fabrics. Moreover, the minute protrusions on each P(St-MAA) colloidal microsphere surface and as-prepared regular rough photonic crystal array were combined to form a double-rough structure similar to the morphology of a lotus leaf, which could greatly enhance the hydrophobicity of the resultant textile fabrics.

Optical properties of three-dimensional P(St-MAA) photonic crystals on polyester fabrics

Co-reporter:Guojin Liu, Lan Zhou, Yujiang Wu, Cuicui Wang, Qinguo Fan, Jianzhong Shao

Optical Materials 2015 Volume 42() pp:72-79

Publication Date(Web):April 2015

DOI:10.1016/j.optmat.2014.12.022

•Vivid structural color fabrics based on photonic crystal structure are prepared.•The optical properties of structural colors on polyester fabrics are investigated.•The structural colors on polyester fabrics can be modulated by different ways.•Iridescence is accurately characterized in a multi-angle spectrophotometer.•The position of photonic band gap of prepared photonic crystals is characterized.The three-dimensional (3D) photonic crystals with face-centered cubic (fcc) structure was fabricated on polyester fabrics, a kind of soft textile materials quite different from the conventional solid substrates, by gravitational sedimentation self-assembly of monodisperse P(St-MAA) colloidal microspheres. The optical properties of structural colors on polyester fabrics were investigated and the position of photonic band gap was characterized. The results showed that the color-tuning ways of the structural colors from photonic crystals were in accordance with Bragg’s law and could be modulated by the size of P(St-MAA) colloidal microspheres and the viewing angles. The L∗a∗b∗ values of the structural colors generated from the assembled polyester fabrics were in agreement with their reflectance spectra. The photonic band gap position of photonic crystals on polyester fabrics could be consistently confirmed by reflectance and transmittance spectra.

The fabrication of full color P(St-MAA) photonic crystal structure on polyester fabrics by vertical deposition self-assembly

Co-reporter:Guojin Liu;Lan Zhou;Yujiang Wu;Cuicui Wang;Qinguo Fan

Journal of Applied Polymer Science 2015 Volume 132( Issue 13) pp:

Publication Date(Web):

DOI:10.1002/app.41750

ABSTRACT

Three-dimensional (3D) photonic crystals with face-centered cubic structure were successfully fabricated on soft polyester fabrics via vertical deposition self-assembly, with monodisperse P(St-MAA) microspheres prepared by soap-free emulsion copolymerization. The resultant polyester fabrics exhibited bright structural colors through the well-ordered photonic crystal microstructure without any chemical dyes and pigments. The tunable structural colors across the whole visible region confirmed by reflectance spectra could be adjusted by controlling the diameters of the microspheres and viewing angles, and this was consistent with the law of the Bragg diffraction. The resultant polyester fabrics also presented some favorable properties including double-sided coloration effect, clear fabric texture, and soft fabric handle. The structural coloration by vertical deposition self-assembly of P(St-MAA) photonic crystals may provide a new strategy for textile coloration without using chemical colorants, and have a potential to reduce the pollution in the current textile dyeing and printing processes. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2015, 132, 41750.

High performance of the linked visible photoinitiator for free radical polymerization based on erythrosine B derivative

Co-reporter:Xuying Nan;Yi Huang;Qinguo Fan

Journal of Applied Polymer Science 2015 Volume 132( Issue 31) pp:

Publication Date(Web):

DOI:10.1002/app.42361

ABSTRACT

A novel erythrosine B derivative linked with a tertiary amine used as a visible light initiator for free radical polymerization was synthesized and characterized. For comparison, the free hydrophobic erythrosine B derivative was also synthesized and its combination with the tertiary amine was used as the separated two component photoinitiator. The linked initiator exhibited higher photoinitiator efficiency in high viscosity monomer than in low viscosity one, compared with the separated counterpart. Especially, when it was combined with iodonium salt, the further promotion of the photoinitiator efficiency was observed, compared with the separated three component system. It was found that as iodonium salt together with tertiary amine was continuously added to the formula with the linked initiator, the photoinitiator efficiency was dramatically enhanced compared with the same addition to the formula with the separated counterpart, revealing the application potential of the linked initiator. And the continuous addition of either the iodium salt or the tertiary amine to the formula only leaded to the small size increase of the photoinitiator efficiency. These results suggested that there existed an interdependent relationship between iodonium salt and tertiary amine in promoting the photoinitiator efficiency of the dye/amine/iodonium salt system. For these, the corresponding synergistic mechanism was proposed. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2015, 132, 42361.

Variable structural colors and hydrophobicity of SiO2/polyethyleneimine coating on glass substrate

Co-reporter:Yanrong Jia;Yun Zhang;Guojin Liu

Journal of Coatings Technology and Research 2015 Volume 12( Issue 6) pp:1031-1039

Publication Date(Web):2015/11/01

DOI:10.1007/s11998-015-9708-x

Films composed of nanoparticles have been commonly used in decorative applications due to their striking colors and useful self-cleaning properties. An efficient option for the structural coloration has been developed through fabrication of the thin films on substrates from SiO2 nanoparticles and PEI. The surface morphology and microstructure of SiO2/polyethyleneimine (PEI) film on glass substrate were analyzed with an SEM, AFM, and thickness analyzer. The homogeneous coatings of limited SiO2 aggregation with air voids were formed on glass substrates. It was strongly suggested that optical properties of the films came from the single-layer thin film interference effect. The structural colors of SiO2/PEI films were captured by digital camera, integrating sphere spectrophotometer and multi-angle spectrophotometer. The results indicated that the films illuminated distinctly as the thickness increased, and presented different lightness values and hues at various viewing angles. Moreover, those films with some surface roughness exhibited high water static contact angle, which endowed the films potential hydrophilicity and self-cleaning property.

Action modes of recombinant endocellulase, EGA, and its domains on cotton fabrics

Co-reporter:Meilan Yu;Yaqin Qiu;Wei Chen;Fukun Zhao

Biotechnology Letters 2015 Volume 37( Issue 8) pp:1615-1622

Publication Date(Web):2015 August

DOI:10.1007/s10529-015-1832-2

The action modes of an endocellulase, EGA, and its domains (CD9 and CBM3) during enzymatic treatment of cotton fabrics were investigated.EGA, CD9 and CBM3 had the binding capacity to cellulose substrates, of which the filter paper was the substrate with the strongest binding capacity. Analyses of scanning electronic microscopy indicated that EGA and its catalytic domain CD9 etched the surface of cotton fabrics and broke the fibers of long chains. On the other hand, the binding domain CBM3 only resulted in swelling of cotton fibers. Both EGA and its catalytic domain CD9 had minimal effect on the weight loss of cotton fabrics, whereas the effect of EGA and CD9 on the degree of polymerization and breaking strength was significant. After 12 h enzymatic action, the values of weight loss ratio for EGA and CD9 were 2.07 and 2.21 %, respectively, meanwhile the reductions in fabric strength were 27.04 % for EGA and 17.23 % for CD9.In contrast to the action of EGA and CD9, CBM3 showed no significant changes in terms of the weight loss ratio, degree of polymerization, and fabric strength.

Visible light initiating systems for photopolymerization: status, development and challenges

Co-reporter:Jianzhong Shao, Yi Huang and Qinguo Fan

Polymer Chemistry 2014 vol. 5(Issue 14) pp:4195-4210

Publication Date(Web):12 May 2014

DOI:10.1039/C4PY00072B

Free radical and cationic photopolymerization reactions have been greatly utilized in various conventional and emerging applications, such as coatings, electronic circuits, digital storage and 3D precision machining. Compared with ultraviolet light induced photopolymerization, visible light induced photopolymerization presents significant advantages in irradiation safety, curing depth and equipment cost. In this paper, the advancement in visible light induced initiating systems using free radical, cationic and hybrid photoinitiators is reviewed. Chemical structures of the photoinitiators or photosensitizers, photochemical reactivity of photoinitiating systems, and initiating mechanisms of these photoinitiating systems with different activation modes are introduced. The characteristics and limitations of some visible light initiating systems are compared and discussed in terms of the initiating efficiency, excitation wavelength, material cost and safety. The recent promising development of free radical and cationic hybrid initiating systems is also highlighted with their complementary properties in initiating performance and mechanical properties of the cured products.

Structural colors of the SiO2/polyethyleneimine thin films on poly(ethylene terephthalate) substrates

Co-reporter:Yanrong Jia, Yun Zhang, Qiubao Zhou, Qinguo Fan, Jianzhong Shao

Thin Solid Films 2014 Volume 569() pp:10-16

Publication Date(Web):31 October 2014

DOI:10.1016/j.tsf.2014.08.022

•SiO2/PEI thin films were electrostatic self-assembled on PET substrates.•The surface morphology and optical behavior of the film were investigated.•The structural colors varied with various SiO2 particle sizes and assembly cycles.•Different hue and lightness of SiO2/PEI film were observed at various viewing angles.•Structural color of the SiO2/PEI film originated from single thin film interference.The SiO2/polyethyleneimine (PEI) films with structural colors on poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) substrates were fabricated by an electrostatic self-assembly method. The morphology of the films was characterized by Scanning Electron Microscopy. The results showed that there was no distinguishable multilayered structure found of SiO2/PEI films. The optical behaviors of the films were investigated through the color photos captured by a digital camera and the color measurement by a multi-angle spectrophotometer. Different hue and brightness were observed at various viewing angles. The structural colors were dependent on the SiO2 particle size and the number of assembly cycles. The mechanism of the structural colors generated from the assembled films was elucidated. The morphological structures and the optical properties proved that the SiO2/PEI film fabricated on PET substrate formed a homogeneous inorganic/organic SiO2/PEI composite layer, and the structural colors were originated from single thin film interference.

Preperation of monodispersed SiO2 particles for electrostatic self-assembly of SiO2/PEI thin film with structural colors on polyester fabrics

Co-reporter:Guangqing Zhuang;Yun Zhang;Yanrong Jia;Dongming Qi;Qinguo Fan

Fibers and Polymers 2014 Volume 15( Issue 10) pp:2118-2123

Publication Date(Web):2014 October

DOI:10.1007/s12221-014-2118-3

The monodispersed SiO2 particles with perfect sphericity and desired particle sizes were synthesized by an improved Stöber method. The particle sizes and size distribution of colloidal silica could be regulated by adjusting reaction temperature, reaction time, and the concentrations of NH4OH, H2O and TEOS. Dynamic light scattering particle size analysis and SEM analysis confirmed a narrowly distributed particle size and good sphericity of the synthesized SiO2 nanoparticles. The structural colors of silica/polyethyleneimine (SiO2/PEI) thin film fabricated on polyester fabrics were governed by SiO2 particle size, assembly cycles and viewing angles, and the origin mechanism of the structural colors was based on the thin film interference theory. The resultant polyester fabrics showed vivid structural colors changing with the change in viewing angles, displaying a biomimetic variable coloration effect on textiles.

The synthesis of core-shell monodisperse P(St-MAA) microspheres and fabrication of photonic crystals Structure with Tunable Colors on polyester fabrics

Co-reporter:Lan Zhou;Guojin Liu;Yujiang Wu;Qinguo Fan

Fibers and Polymers 2014 Volume 15( Issue 6) pp:1112-1122

Publication Date(Web):2014 June

DOI:10.1007/s12221-014-1112-0

The core-shell monodisperse P(St-MAA) microspheres with different diameters ranging from 200 nm to 400 nm were prepared by soap-free emulsion copolymerization, in which styrene (St) and methacrylic acid (MAA) were polymerizable monomers, and ammonium persulfate (APS) acted as initiator. The diameters and monodispersity of P(St-MAA) microspheres could be controlled by adjusting the concentrations of styrene, methacrylic acid and ammonium persulfate. The core-shell structure and chemical component distribution of the P(St-MAA) microspheres were confirmed by TEM and XPS. The photonic crystals on polyester fabrics with three-dimensionally ordered arrangement were fabricated by self-assembly of gravitational sedimentation with P(St-MAA) microspheres and exhibited brilliant structural colors without any chemical dyes and pigments. SEM, TEM and crystallographic analysis were applied to confirm a face centered cubic (fcc) structure of the photonic crystals on polyester fabrics. The versatile structural colors of the photonic crystals were dependent on the photonic band-gap which could be regulated by the spherical size of P(St-MAA) microspheres and viewing angles. This technology may provide a new strategy to color the fabrics and reduce the pollution in the current textile industry.

Study on differences of reaction behavior of phenolic hydroxyl groups with vinyl sulfone reactive dyes and monochlorotriazine reactive dyes

Co-reporter:Min Shao;Jian-Zhong Shao;Jin-Qiang Liu;Xian-Ke Xu

Fibers and Polymers 2014 Volume 15( Issue 9) pp:1865-1872

Publication Date(Web):2014 September

DOI:10.1007/s12221-014-1865-5

Using p-methylphenol as a model compound for phenolic hydroxyl groups on silk fibroin, the reaction kinetics of two typical of reactive dyes including vinyl sulfone reactive dyes and monochlorotriazine reactive dyes with phenolic hydroxyl groups were studied by reverse phase ion-pair high-performance liquid chromatography. The results showed that, the reaction rates of monochlorotriazine reactive dyes with phenolic hydroxyl groups were by far faster than those of vinyl sulfone reactive dyes, attributed to the stability of resultants from the former. The optimum reaction conditions for phenolic hydroxyl groups with vinyl sulfone reactive dyes and monochlorotriazine reactive dyes were at 50–70 °C and pH=8–9 for the former, and at 85–95 °C and pH=8–9 for the latter. The methods and results in this paper would help to deeply study the reaction mechanisms of reactive dyes with silk fibroin.