The clinical success of radiotherapy is greatly hampered due to its intolerable off-target cytotoxicity induced by the high dose of radiation. Meanwhile, low dose of irradiation greatly potentiates the intratumoral angiogenesis, which promotes the local relapse and metastasis of tumor. Therefore, it is essential to reduce the irradiation dosage while inhibiting the tumor angiogenesis during radiotherapy. In this work, tumor vessel specific ultrafine Au@I nanoparticles (AIRA NPs) are fabricated and used as targeted radiosensitizers. Due to the presence of Au and iodine, these AIRA NPs exhibit superb X-ray attenuation for contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT). Once injected, these AIRA NPs bind specifically to both newly formed tumor vessels in peri- and intratumoral regions and pre-existing tumor vessels. Upon radiation under CT guidance, AIRA NPs remarkably enhanced the killing efficacy against tumors in vivo with respect to radiation alone or anti-angiogenesis chemotherapy. Meanwhile, down-regulation of the level of circulating VEGF cytokine further indicates that our strategy can eradicate tumor without risking the recurrence of hypoxia and angiogenesis. Our demonstration provides a robust method of cancer therapy integrating good biocompatibility, high specificity and relapse-free manner alternative to traditional metal NPs enhanced radiotherapy.Anti-RhoJ antibody functionalized hybrid nanoparticles are used as tumor vessel targeting radiosensitizers. By taking patient-derived tumor model, this platform can precisely target the tumor vasculature under CT guidance, and locally inhibit angiogenesis upon low-dosage of radiation in relapse-free manner.Download high-res image (258KB)Download full-size image

A circular hydrophobic–hydrophilic-Ti4+ immobilized phosphate polymer is patterned on a silicon wafer. Such a wafer is used as a novel sample support to allow fast selective enrichment, wash-free self-desalting and mass spectroscopy (MS) analysis of phosphopeptides, thanks to the high Ti4+ loading amount, pure phosphate polymer–Ti4+ interface, and strong hydrophobic–hydrophilic attraction pattern. The detection sensitivity was enhanced 300 folds compared with what was obtained using the common MALDI plate. Remarkable selectivity for phosphopeptides can be achieved at a molar ratio as low as 1:500 of phosphopeptides (casein digest)/nonphosphopeptides (BSA). High-quality mass spectra can be obtained even in the presence of NaCl (1 M), NH4HCO3 (100 mM), or urea (1 M). These microspots were also used to selectively capture phosphopeptides from milk and human serum, which further demonstrated that they were capable of identifying low-abundance phosphopeptides from real complex samples. They provide a low detection limit (3 fmol μL−1), small sample size, and excellent enrichment and desalting efficiency. Such a method significantly simplifies the analytical procedures, reduces possible sample loss, and is relatively low cost. Therefore, this on-plate patterned technique is very promising in the high-throughput phosphoproteomic research, especially for the detection of tiny amounts of samples.