Three new nordammarane triterpenoids, 12β-O-acetyl-3β,22-dihydroxy-23,24,25,26,27-pentanordammarane (1), 12β,22-dihydroxy-3-oxo-23,24,25,26,27-pentanordammarane (2), and 3β,12β-dihydroxy-23,24,25,26,27-pentanordammarane-22-carbaldehyde (3), were isolated from the EtOH extract of the roots of Sanguisorba officinalis. Structural elucidation of these new triterpenoids on the basis of spectroscopic analyses, including including 1D- and 2D-NMR, and HR-ESI-MS, is reported

Phytochemical investigation of the 95% EtOH extract of the dry fronds of Conyza japonica (Thunb.) Less. resulted in the isolation of three new labdane diterpene glycosides, (3β,13S)-13-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyllabda-8(17),14-dien-3-yl α-L-rhamnopyranoside (1), (3β,13S)-13-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyllabda-8(17),14-diene-3-yl 2-O-acetyl-α-L-rhamnopyranoside (2), and (3β,13S)-13-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosylabda-8(17),14-dien-3-yl 6-O-acetyl-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(12)-α-L-rhamnopyranoside (3), together with their aglycone, (13S)-labda-8(17),14-diene-3,13-diol (4). Their structures were characterized by spectroscopic analyses and chemical correlations, including 1D- and 2D-NMR, and HR-ESI-MS. Furthermore, compounds 1–3 appeared to be promising as active agents against the tested pathogen fungi and oral pathogens as they possessed moderate cytotoxic properties.

Three new mannopyranosides of indole alkaloids, methyl 7-(β-D-mannopyranosyloxy)-1H-indole-2-carboxylate (1), methyl 7-[(3-O-acetyl-β-D-mannopyranosyl)oxy]-1H-indole-2-carboxylate (2), and 2-methyl-1H-indol-7-yl β-D-mannopyranoside (3), were isolated from an EtOH extract of the roots of Zanthoxylum nitidum. Their structures were identified as new compounds on the basis of the spectroscopic analyses. Bioactivity evaluation revealed that these alkaloids possess significant cytotoxicities against all the tested tumor cell lines with IC₅₀ values of less than 30 μM.

Phytochemical investigation of the 70% EtOH extract from the stem bark of Dysoxylum lukii led to the isolation of three new ergostane steroids, (3β)-3,20-dihydroxyergosta-5,24(28)-dien-7-one (1), (3β,4β,7α)-ergosta-5,24(28)-diene-3,4,7-triol (2), and (3β,7α)-3,20-dihydroxyergosta-5,24(28)-dien-7-yl acetate (3), together with the known compound (3β,4β)-ergosta-5,24(28)-diene-3,4,20-triol (4). Their structures were elucidated on the basis of extensive 1D- and 2D-NMR (COSY, HMQC, HMBC, and NOESY) analyses.

A phytochemical investigation of a 70 % ethanol extract of the stem bark of Dysoxylum lukii has resulted in the isolation of eight new tirucallane-type triterpenoids, one new limonoid, and five known compounds. Their structures have been elucidated on the basis of extensive 1D and 2D NMR (COSY, HMQC, HMBC and NOESY) analyses. The cytotoxic and antimicrobial properties of the isolated compounds were evaluated in vitro. Compounds 6 and 10 exhibited significant cytotoxic activity against all tested cell lines with IC₅₀ values of 6.64–10.55 and 8.90–12.08 μM, respectively. Furthermore, compounds 6, 7, 8, 10, and 11 exhibited potent antimicrobial activity against all the Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria tested.