Co-reporter:Mingxia Sun, Yuan Chen, Yongmei Zheng, Mingming Zhen, ... Stanislav N. Gorb
Acta Biomaterialia 2017 Volume 51(Volume 51) pp:
Publication Date(Web):15 March 2017
DOI:10.1016/j.actbio.2017.01.022
The surface of the elytra in some species of aquatic beetles displays relatively low contact angles (CAs), even showing hydrophilic properties. In this study, we report on an observation that both sexes of Cybister chinensis beetle fresh elytral surface do not exhibit uniform CA, but rather a wettability gradient along the longitudinal axis in posterior direction. The wettability is very different between females and males due to the presence (female) or absence (male) of channels on the elytral surface. When a small drop of water touches the elytra surface, it tends to slide towards the anterior having a lower CA on the elytra. This gradient presumably supports a breathing-associated behavior of beetles in which they cause the tip of their abdomen to protrude into the surface of the water in order to collect an air bubble for oxygen uptake and, when floating on the surface, to keep the body inclined at a small angle to the water’s surface with their heads immersed.Statement of SignificanceHydrophobicity on surfaces is a fundamental property which has attracted great interest across all scientific disciplines, here we have demonstrated that the gradually changing chemistry of the elytral surface facilitates the tilted beetle posture on the water’s surface. The mechanism of water interacting with the elytra demonstrated the most energetically favorable posture in the diving beetles. Surfaces with directional wetting properties that promote droplet drainage are of significant practical importance in many fields. The anisotropic topography and wetting properties of the elytra may inspire microfluidic devices for medical and robotic applications.Download high-res image (123KB)Download full-size image
Co-reporter:Ying Zhang, Toujun Zou, Mirong Guan, Mingming Zhen, Daiqin Chen, Xiangping Guan, Hongbin Han, Chunru Wang, and Chunying Shu
ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces 2016 Volume 8(Issue 18) pp:11246
Publication Date(Web):April 21, 2016
DOI:10.1021/acsami.5b12848
A macromolecular magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) contrast agent was successfully synthesized by conjugating the gadolinium/1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane-1,4,7-tetracetic acid complex (Gd-DO3A) with 6,6-phenyl-C61 butyric acid (PC61BA) and upon further modification with human serum albumin (HSA). The final product, PC61BA-(Gd-DO3A)/HSA, has a high stability and exhibits a much higher relaxivity (r1 = 89.1 mM–1 s–1 at 0.5 T, 300 K) than Gd-DO3A (r1 = 4.7 mM–1 s–1) does under the same condition, producing the synergistic positive effect of HSA and C60 on the relaxivity of Gd-DO3A. The in vivo MR images of PC61BA-(Gd-DO3A)/HSA-treated tumor-bearing mice show strong signal enhancement for the tumor area due to the enhanced permeability and retention effect. The maximum accumulation of PC61BA-(Gd-DO3A)/HSA at the tumor site was achieved at 4 h postinjection, which may guide surgery. The results from the hematology and histological observations indicate that PC61BA-(Gd-DO3A)/HSA has no obvious toxicity in vivo. These unique properties of PC61BA-(Gd-DO3A)/HSA enable them to be highly efficient for tumor-targeting MRI in vivo, possibly providing a good solution for tumor diagnosis.Keywords: contrast enhancement; fullerene; low toxicity; macromolecular MRI contrast agent; tumor-targeting imaging
Co-reporter:Mirong Guan, Hao Dong, Jiechao Ge, Daiqin Chen, Lingdong Sun, Shumu Li, Chunru Wang, Chunhua Yan, Pengfei Wang and Chunying Shu
NPG Asia Materials 2015 7(7) pp:e205
Publication Date(Web):2015-07-01
DOI:10.1038/am.2015.82
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is an excellent therapeutic modality for various malignant and nonmalignant cancers. This approach utilizes reactive oxygen species generated through the reaction between photosensitizer and oxygen in tissues upon light irradiation to achieve effective treatment. However, limited penetration depth and oxygen-deficient microenvironment hinder the efficiency of PDT. In this work, we design a multifunctional near-infrared (NIR)-triggered theranostic agent based on upconversion–nanoparticles-Polyoxyethylene bis (amine)–trismethylpyridylporphyrin–fullerene nanocomposite (UCNP–PEG–FA/PC70) for imaging (fluorescence/upconversion luminescence/magnetic resonance imaging)-guided photodynamic therapy. In this multimodal nanocompsite, UCNPs are employed as light transducers to convert NIR light into ultraviolet–visible light to activate PC70 to generate singlet oxygen (1O2) even under low-oxygen conditions. Meanwhile, the upconversion emission, magnetic resonance imaging and fluorescence signal coming from UCNPs and PC70 nanocomposite enable UCNP–PEG–FA/PC70 to act as a multimodal imaging diagnostic agent, which facilitates the imaging-guided PDT. Furthermore, folate-mediated active targeting would enhance the accumulation of multifunctional hybrid in tumor. In vitro as well as in vivo results suggest that this smart nanocomposite is promising as an NIR light-triggered and -targeted theranostic platform for imaging-guided PDT of cancer, which may provide a solution to the bottleneck problems of PDT, namely, limited penetration depth and oxygen-deficient microenvironment.
Co-reporter:Guoqiang Zhang, Zhizhong Sun, Hongtao Song, Mingming Zhen, Mirong Guan, Taiwei Chu, Shunzhong Luo, Chunru Wang and Chunying Shu
Journal of Materials Chemistry A 2015 vol. 3(Issue 35) pp:7011-7013
Publication Date(Web):07 Aug 2015
DOI:10.1039/C5TB00983A
A radioactive metallofullerene 177LuxLu(3−x)N@C80 was firstly synthesized by means of neutron irradiation on Lu3N@C80. After modification by methoxypolyethylene glycol amine, in vivo investigation on tumor-bearing mice was performed. The results reveal favorable affinity toward tumors, suggesting that the obtained 177LuxLu(3−x)N@C80–PCBPEG could be promising for tumor diagnosis and therapy.
Co-reporter:Mirong Guan, Tingxiao Qin, Jiechao Ge, Mingming Zhen, Wei Xu, Daiqin Chen, Shumu Li, Chunru Wang, Hongmei Su and Chunying Shu
Journal of Materials Chemistry A 2015 vol. 3(Issue 5) pp:776-783
Publication Date(Web):20 Nov 2014
DOI:10.1039/C4TB01314J
Amphiphilic trismethylpyridylporphyrin-C70 (PC70) dyad with improved photosensitization has been successfully prepared. The PC70 dyad forms a liposomal nanostructure through molecular self-assembling. An increased absorption coefficient in the visible region, good biocompatibility, and high photostability were observed on the self-assembling structure. Surprisingly, in comparison with previously reported photosensitizer porphyrins, PC70 exhibited an enhanced photodynamic therapy (PDT) effect under hypoxia conditions. Further investigations illustrated that PC70 went through an extremely long-life triplet state (211.3 μs) under hypoxia, which enabled the exiguous oxygen to approach and interact with the activated (3P-C70)* more efficiently and produce more singlet oxygen. This would overcome the problem of existing photosensitizers of low PDT efficiency in cancerous tissues under hypoxia. The excellent properties of PC70 dyad make it a promising phototherapeutic agent, especially for the treatment of early- and late-stage cancers under shallow and hypoxia tissues.
Co-reporter:Feng Jiang, Ruimin Li, Jianhua Cai, Wei Xu, Anmin Cao, Daiqin Chen, Xing Zhang, Chunru Wang and Chunying Shu
Journal of Materials Chemistry A 2015 vol. 3(Issue 38) pp:19433-19438
Publication Date(Web):12 Aug 2015
DOI:10.1039/C5TA02260F
Melamine cyanurate (MCA) – a kind of hydrogen-bonded self-assembly supramolecular structure material – is readily synthesized by a hydrothermal method. Noble metal nanoparticles (NPs) (Pd, Au bimetallic and monometallic NPs) with an ultrasmall size below 5 nm are homogeneously distributed in the as-prepared MCA via a simple procedure at room temperature without any additional reductant and stabilizer. The as-prepared bimetallic noble metal NPs exhibit good catalytic activities toward the reduction of 4-nitrophenol to 4-aminophenol, and the resulting catalytic activities are even much better than those of monometallic counterparts. This unusual catalytic property should be relevant to the small size of noble nanoparticles and the electronic interaction between the support, Pd and Au nanoparticles.
Co-reporter:Toujun Zou, Mingming Zhen, Daiqin Chen, Ruimin Li, Mirong Guan, Chunying Shu, Hongbin Han and Chunru Wang
Dalton Transactions 2015 vol. 44(Issue 19) pp:9114-9119
Publication Date(Web):07 Apr 2015
DOI:10.1039/C4DT03482A
Manganese-porphyrin compounds as MRI contrast agents have drawn particular attention due to high relaxivities and unique biodistribution. It has been reported that the charge density of the metal center and steric decompression of the substituents, rather than rotational correlation time, were the key factors to determine the relaxivities of manganese(III) porphyrins. In this study, [6,6]-phenyl-C61-butyric acid (PC61BA) was introduced into 5-(4-aminophenyl)-10,15,20-tris (4-sulfonatophenyl) porphyrin (APTSPP) to investigate the influence on water proton relaxation. The obtained PC61BA-APTSPP-Mn possesses a relaxivity of 19.2 mM−1 s−1, which is greater than that of Mn-APTSPP (11.2 mM−1 s−1) and clinically used Gd-DTPA (4.1 mM−1 s−1) at 0.5 T, and even more effective compared with those binding manganese(III) porphyrins to certain macromolecules. It was reasonably speculated that the high relaxivity of PC61BA-APTSPP-Mn should ascribe to the charge density variation of MnIII and steric decompression induced by PC61BA. Both fluorescence emission spectra and cyclic voltammetry results verified the presence of electronic communication between PC61BA and APTSPP-Mn. In addition, the hydrodynamic diameter of PC61BA-APTSPP-Mn aggregates was much smaller than that of APTSPP-Mn aggregates, which may contribute to the higher relaxivity by inhibiting the formation of dimers of APTSPP-Mn. Therefore, the introduction of fullerene derivatives is suggested to be a good strategy for the improvement of the relaxivities of manganese(III) porphyrins.
Co-reporter:Toujun Zou, Mingming Zhen, Jie Li, Daiqin Chen, Yongqiang Feng, Ruimin Li, Mirong Guan, Ying Zhang, Chunying Shu and Chunru Wang
RSC Advances 2015 vol. 5(Issue 117) pp:96253-96257
Publication Date(Web):28 Oct 2015
DOI:10.1039/C5RA16620A
Gadofullerenols have received much attention due to their high relaxivities and low-toxicity as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) contrast agents. However, the relaxivities of gadofullerenols vary in different reports. In this study, Gd@C82(OH)xOy with different hemiketal content were synthesized and the influence of this factor on water proton relaxation was investigated. The results show that Gd@C82(OH)xOy with more hemiketals exhibit much higher relaxivities than those with fewer hemiketals. The hemiketal structure is supposed to promote the formation of intermolecular hydrogen bonds, and finally lead to large aggregates. This is consistent with a previous report that the relaxivities of endohedral gadofullerene derivatives are strongly associated with the aggregate size. Hence, this work provides an important strategy for the manipulation of the relaxivities of gadofullerene based MRI contrast agents by controlling the quantity of hemiketals on the carbon cage.
Co-reporter:Daiqin Chen;Chao Wang;Xin Nie;Shumu Li;Ruimin Li;Mirong Guan;Zhuang Liu;Chunying Chen;Chunru Wang;Lijun Wan
Advanced Functional Materials 2014 Volume 24( Issue 42) pp:6621-6628
Publication Date(Web):
DOI:10.1002/adfm.201401560
The poly(maleic anhydride-alt-1-octadecene-poly(ethylene glycol)) (C18PMH-PEG) modified single-walled carbon nanohorns (SWNHs) are designed with high stability and biocompatibility. The as-prepared SWNHs/C18PMH-PEG not only can serve as an excellent photothermal agent but also can be used as a promising photoacoustic imaging (PAI) agent both in vitro and in vivo due to its strong absorption in the near infrared (NIR) region. The PAI result reveals that the SWNHs/C18PMH-PEG possesses ultra long blood circulation time and can significantly be accumulated at the tumor site through the enhanced penetration and retention (EPR) effect. The maximum accumulation of SWNHs/C18PMH-PEG at tumor site could be achieved at the time point of 24 h after intravenous injection, which is considered to be the optimal time for the 808 nm laser treatment. The subsequent photothermal ablation of tumors can be achieved without triggering any side effects. Therefore, a PAI guided PTT platform based on SWNHs is proposed and highlights the potential theranostic application for biomedical uses.
Co-reporter:Shumu Li, Dingjiang Xue, Wei Xu, Yongqiang Feng, Jingxia Wang, Guoqiang Zhang, Xiangyue Meng, Chunru Wang, Yanlin Song and Chunying Shu
Journal of Materials Chemistry A 2014 vol. 2(Issue 8) pp:1500-1504
Publication Date(Web):19 Nov 2013
DOI:10.1039/C3TC32081B
A facile method for improving the photo current of the [60]PCBM ([6,6]-phenyl-C61-butyric acid methyl ester)/P3HT (poly(3-hexylthiophene)) photodetector device is demonstrated, and 1.6 times enhancement of the on/off ratio of the device is obtained by using wavelength-matched photonic crystals as substrates.
Co-reporter:Ruimin Li, Anmin Cao, Yanjun Zhang, Gen Li, Feng Jiang, Shumu Li, Daiqin Chen, Chunru Wang, Jiechao Ge, and Chunying Shu
ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces 2014 Volume 6(Issue 23) pp:20574
Publication Date(Web):October 31, 2014
DOI:10.1021/am5061323
An efficient and facile synthesis method of nitrogen-doped mesoporous graphitic carbon (NMGC) was reported with melamine as a nitrogen source and citric acid as a carbon source. By taking advantage of the functional groups on melamine and citric acid, a uniform mixture of these two components was obtained via a self-assembly process. Accordingly, the nitrogen-doped mesoporous graphitic carbon (NMGC) can be obtained by means of the high temperature treatment. This as-prepared NMGC showed a promising potential as an anode material in lithium-ion batteries.Keywords: graphitic carbon; melamine; mesoporous; self-assembly
Co-reporter:Ruimin Li, Qin Jiang, Hanjun Cheng, Guoqiang Zhang, Mingming Zhen, Daiqin Chen, Jiechao Ge, Lanqun Mao, Chunru Wang and Chunying Shu
Analyst 2014 vol. 139(Issue 8) pp:1993-1999
Publication Date(Web):27 Jan 2014
DOI:10.1039/C3AN02025H
Direct selective determination of free heme in the cerebral system is of great significance due to the crucial roles of free heme in physiological and pathological processes. In this work, a G-quadruplex DNAzymes-induced highly sensitive and selective colorimetric sensing of free heme in rat brain is established. Initially, the conformation of an 18-base G-rich DNA sequence, PS2.M (5′-GTGGGTAGGGCGGGTTGG-3′), in the presence of K+, changes from a random coil to a “parallel” G-quadruplex structure, which can bind free heme in the cerebral system with high affinity through π–π stacking. The resulted heme/G-quadruplex complex exhibits high peroxidase-like activity, which can be used to catalyze the oxidation of colorless ABTS2− to green ABTS˙− by H2O2. The concentration of heme can be evaluated by the naked eye and determined by UV-vis spectroscopy. The signal output showed a linear relationship for heme within the concentration range from 1 to 120 nM with a detection limit of 0.637 nM. The assay demonstrated here was highly selective and free from the interference of physiologically important species such as dopamine (DA), 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid (DOPAC), ascorbate acid (AA), cysteine, uric acid (UA), glucose and lactate in the cerebral system. The basal dialysate level of free heme in the microdialysate from the striatum of adult male Sprague-Dawley rats was determined to be 32.8 ± 19.5 nM (n = 3). The analytic protocol possesses many advantages, including theoretical simplicity, low-cost technical and instrumental demands, and responsible detection of heme in rat brain microdialysate.
Co-reporter:Feng Jiang, Daiqin Chen, Ruimin Li, Yucheng Wang, Guoqiang Zhang, Shumu Li, Junpeng Zheng, Naiyan Huang, Ying Gu, Chunru Wang and Chunying Shu
Nanoscale 2013 vol. 5(Issue 3) pp:1137-1142
Publication Date(Web):04 Dec 2012
DOI:10.1039/C2NR33191H
Size-controllable amine-functionalized graphene quantum dots (GQDs) are prepared by an eco-friendly method with graphene oxide sheets, ammonia and hydrogen peroxide as starting materials. Using a Sephadex G-25 gel column for fine separation, for the first time we obtain GQDs with either single or double layers. By atomic force microscopy characterization, we confirm that hydrogen peroxide and ammonia play a synergistic role on graphene oxide (GO), in which the former cuts the GO into small pieces and the latter passivates the active surface to give amine-modified GQDs. Due to the low cytotoxicity and excellent biocompatibility of the obtained amine-functionalized GQDs, besides the multiwavelength imaging properties of GQDs, for the first time we find that this kind of GQD exhibits good antimycoplasma properties. Given the superior antimycoplasma effect of the GQDs and their eco-friendly mass production with low cost, these new GQDs may offer opportunities for the development of new antimycoplasma agents, thus extending their widespread application in biomedicine.
Co-reporter:Qiaoling Liu, Junpeng Zheng, Mirong Guan, Xiaohong Fang, Chunru Wang, and Chunying Shu
ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces 2013 Volume 5(Issue 10) pp:4328
Publication Date(Web):April 25, 2013
DOI:10.1021/am400535j
Satellite muscle cells play an important role in regeneration of skeletal muscle. However, they are particularly vulnerable to oxidative stress. Herein, we address our efforts on the cytoprotective activities of carboxyfullerenes with different cage size (C60 vs C70) and adduct number on postmitotic muscle cell (C2C12 cell). The correlation of the structural effect on the cytoprotective capability of carboxyfullerenes was evaluated. We find that quadri-malonic acid C70 fullerene (QF70) exhibits higher capability on protecting cells from oxidative-induced stress among these tested carboxyfullerenes. The accumulation of intracellular superoxide dismutase (SOD) is proposed to play an important role in their diverse antioxidative ability. Moreover, the pretreatment of QF70 could also obviously enhance the viability of myotubes originated from oxidative-stressed C2C12 cells, which facilitates the future application of carboxyfullerenes in tissue engineering and nanomedicine.Keywords: C2C12 cell; carboxyfullerene; chemical structure; cytoprotective capability; oxidative stress;
Co-reporter:Qiaoling Liu, Xuejie Zhang, Xinyue Zhang, Guoqiang Zhang, Junpeng Zheng, Mirong Guan, Xiaohong Fang, Chunru Wang, and Chunying Shu
ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces 2013 Volume 5(Issue 21) pp:11101
Publication Date(Web):October 7, 2013
DOI:10.1021/am4033372
Oxidative stress induced by excessive production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) has been implicated in the etiology of many human diseases. Acquiring a highly efficient antioxidant with good biocompatibility is of significance in eliminating the deleterious effect induced by the oxidative stress. Herein, we address our efforts on investigating the cytoprotective effect of carboxyfullerenes on H2O2-injured cells. Meanwhile, the uptake and intracellular location of carboxyfullerenes were studied. The results show that C70-carboxyfullerenes (dimalonic acid C70 fullerene (DF70) and trimalonic acid C70 fullerene (TF70)) exhibit an obviously protective effect against oxidative stress on C2C12 cells at concentrations as low as 2.5 μmol L–1, whereas C60-carboxyfullerenes (dimalonic acid C60 fullerene (DF60) and quadri-malonic acid C60 fullerene (QF60)) show a protective effect at relatively higher concentration (40 μmol L–1). The molecular structure of carboxyfullerenes and the physiological state of cells play an important role in the different cytoprotective capability. Further study reveals that DF70 and TF70 could enter into cells and mainly localize into the lysosome, which possibly involves the protective mechanism by stabilizing lysosome. The use of a significantly low concentration of C70-carboxyfullerene as the antioxidative agent will benefit the therapeutic approaches aiming at alleviating ROS-induced injuries such as muscle disorder and arthritis.Keywords: C2C12 cell; carboxyfullerene; cell viability; intracellular location; oxidative stress;
Co-reporter:Daiqin Chen, Peng Song, Feng Jiang, Xiangyue Meng, Weiping Sui, Chunying Shu, and Li-Jun Wan
The Journal of Physical Chemistry B 2013 Volume 117(Issue 5) pp:1261-1268
Publication Date(Web):January 11, 2013
DOI:10.1021/jp310677p
Smart pH-responsive polymeric micelles have attracted much attention as one of the most promising drug delivery candidates. In this paper, a different substitution of deoxycholic acid (DCA) and folic acid (FA) comodified hydroxypropyl chitosans (HPCHS) were synthesized for doxorubicin (DOX) targeted delivery and controllable release. The results indicate that the DOX-release behavior is pH-responsive and closely related with the grafting proportions of the two hydrophobic ingredients. The pH-responsive mechanism for the optimized (6%DCA)-HPCHS-(0.1%FA) was suggested, resulting from a synergistic effect of gradual hydrolysis of the amido bond and electrostatic repulsion between the subsequently protonated DOX and the amino residue of the chitosan backbone under a cancerous microenvironment. Moreover, the DOX/(6%DCA)-HPCHS-(0.1%FA) micelle as a promising targeted drug delivery system in cancer therapy was evaluated by cell growth inhibition assays and confocal laser microscopy in vitro. The results clearly demonstrate a controlled release of its cargo and promoted curative efficacy of DOX.
Co-reporter:Ruimin Li, Mingming Zhen, Mirong Guan, Daiqin Chen, Guoqiang Zhang, Jiechao Ge, Ping Gong, Chunru Wang, Chunying Shu
Biosensors and Bioelectronics 2013 Volume 47() pp:502-507
Publication Date(Web):15 September 2013
DOI:10.1016/j.bios.2013.03.057
•C60-carboxyfullerene C60[C(COOH)2]2 has been proven to function as peroxidase mimetics.•C60[C(COOH)2]2/glucose oxidase (GOx)/TMB system provides a novel colorimetric sensor for glucose.•The fabricated sensitive and selective sensor can be successfully applied for the quantitative determination of glucose in human serum.C60-carboxyfullerene, C60[C(COOH)2]2, has been proven to function as peroxidase mimetics that can catalyze the reaction of peroxidase substrate 3,3',5,5'-tetramethylbenzidine (TMB) in the presence of H2O2 to produce a blue color reaction. Kinetic studies further indicate that C60[C(COOH)2]2 has an even higher affinity to TMB than that of the natural enzyme, horseradish peroxidase (HRP). C60[C(COOH)2]2/glucose oxidase (GOx)/TMB system provides a novel colorimetric sensor for glucose and shows good response toward glucose detection over a range of 1.0–40 μM with a limit of detection 0.5 μM (3σ/slope). Moreover, this sensitive and selective sensor can be successfully applied for the quantitative determination of glucose in human serum. The results indicate that it is a simple, cheap, convenient, highly selective, sensitive, and easy handling colorimetric assay.
Co-reporter:Dr. Mingming Zhen;Dr. Junpeng Zheng;Dr. Yifan Wang; Chunying Shu; Fabao Gao; Jing Zou; Ilmari Pyykkö; Chunru Wang
Chemistry - A European Journal 2013 Volume 19( Issue 43) pp:14675-14681
Publication Date(Web):
DOI:10.1002/chem.201301601
Abstract
The development of novel nanomaterials for the diagnosis and/or treatment of human diseases has become an important issue. In this work, a multifunctional theranostic agent was designed by covalently binding hydroxyl- and amino-bearing C60 derivatives (C60O∼10(OH)∼16(NH2)∼6(NO2)∼6⋅24 H2O) with gadolinium diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid (Gd-DTPA) to yield C60O∼10(OH)∼16(NH2)∼6(NO2)∼6⋅24 H2O/(Gd-DTPA)3 (DF1Gd3). The obtained DF1Gd3 shows more than fourfold contrast improvement over commercial Gd-DTPA along with multiwavelength fluorescent emission for dual-modality diagnosis. An inner-ear magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) study was designed as a model of biological barriers, including the blood/brain barrier (BBB) for DF1Gd3 to investigate its in vivo behavior. This revealed that the fabricated contrast agent dramatically increases the local contrast but can not cross the middle ear/inner ear barrier and endolymph/perilymph barrier in the inner ear, and thus it is also BBB-prohibited in normal individuals. In vivo biodistribution studies suggested that 1) DF1Gd3 could circulate in vessels for a relatively long time and is mainly eliminated through liver and kidney, 2) DF1Gd3 may potentially function as a liver-specific MRI contrast agent. Interestingly, DF1Gd3 also shows an excellent quenching effect on hydroxyl radicals, as revealed by the DMPO spin trap/ESR method. The combination of enhanced MRI/FL imaging and local treatment of lesions is unique to DF1Gd3 and potentiates the medical paradigm of “detect and treat/prevent” in combating human diseases related to reactive oxygen.
Co-reporter:Jun-peng Zheng, Qiao-ling Liu, Ming-ming Zhen, Feng Jiang, Chun-ying Shu, Chan Jin, Yongji Yang, Hisham A. Alhadlaq and Chun-ru Wang
Nanoscale 2012 vol. 4(Issue 12) pp:3669-3672
Publication Date(Web):15 May 2012
DOI:10.1039/C2NR30836C
A FAR over-expressed tumor targeting multifunctional imaging probe has been fabricated based on gadofulleride nanoplatform. The combination of highly efficient MRI contrast enhancement and sensitive fluorescence imaging along with the preferential uptake toward FAR tumor cells suggest that the obtained multifunctional imaging probe possesses complementary capabilities for anatomical resolution and detection sensitivity.
Co-reporter:Xiangyue Meng, Wenqing Zhang, Zhan'ao Tan, Chun Du, Cuihong Li, Zhishan Bo, Yongfang Li, Xiulin Yang, Mingming Zhen, Feng Jiang, Junpeng Zheng, Taishan Wang, Li Jiang, Chunying Shu and Chunru Wang
Chemical Communications 2012 vol. 48(Issue 3) pp:425-427
Publication Date(Web):10 Nov 2011
DOI:10.1039/C1CC15508C
Dihydronaphthyl-based [60]fullerene bisadduct derivative, NC60BA, was synthesized at mild temperature in high yield. NC60BA not only possesses a LUMO energy level 0.16 eV higher than PC61BM but also has amorphous nature that can overcome thermal-driven crystallization. The fabricated P3HT:NC60BA-based polymer solar cells exhibit superior photovoltaic performance and thermal stability compared to PC61BM-based devices under the same conditions.
Co-reporter:Junping Yu, Mirong Guan, Fengyun Li, Zhiping Zhang, Chunru Wang, Chunying Shu, Hongping Wei and Xian-En Zhang
Chemical Communications 2012 vol. 48(Issue 89) pp:11011-11013
Publication Date(Web):21 Sep 2012
DOI:10.1039/C2CC36099C
The effects of two C60 derivatives: C60[C(COOH)2]3 and C60(NH2)x(OH)y, have been investigated on the bioluminescence of humanized Gaussia luciferase (hGluc) for the first time. Utilizing the dual properties of carboxyl C60 with luminescence quenching and free radicals scavenging, a novel BRET system was constructed for protease detection with high sensitivity.
Co-reporter:Mingming Zhen, Junpeng Zheng, Lei Ye, Shumu Li, Chan Jin, Kai Li, Dong Qiu, Hongbin Han, Chunying Shu, Yongji Yang, and Chunru Wang
ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces 2012 Volume 4(Issue 7) pp:3724
Publication Date(Web):June 18, 2012
DOI:10.1021/am300817z
Macromolecular magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) contrast agent Gd-DTPA-HSA (DTPA, diethylene triamine pentacetate acid; HSA, human serum albumin) as a model has been successfully conjugated with trimalonic acid modified C60 for contrast enhancement at clinically used magnetic field strength. The Gd-DTPA-HSA-C60 conjugate exhibit maximal relaxivity (r1 = 86 mM–1 s–1 at 0.5 T, 300 K) reported so far, which is much superior to that of the control Gd-DTPA-HSA (r1 = 38 mM–1 s–1) under the same condition and comparable to the theoretical maximum (r1 = 80–120 mM–1 s–1, at 20 MHz and 298 K), indicating the synergistic effect of HSA and carboxylfullerene on the increased contrast enhancement. TEM characterization reveals that both Gd-DTPA-HSA-C60 and Gd-DTPA-HSA can penetrate the cells via endocytosis and trans-membrane, respectively, suggesting the potential to sensitively image the events at the cellular and subcellular levels. In addition, the fusion of fullerene with Gd-DTPA-HSA will further endow the resulting complex with photodynamic therapy (PDT) property and thus combine the modalities of therapy (PDT) and diagnostic imaging (MRI) into one entity. More importantly, the payloaded Gd-DTPA may substitute for other more stable Gd-DOTA and HSA as a theranostic package can further work as a drug delivery carrier and effectively control drug release through proteolysis.Keywords: carboxylfullerene; contrast enhancement; intracellular imaging; macromolecular MRI contrast agents; photosensitizer; theranostics;
Co-reporter:Jun-Peng ZHENG, Ming-Ming ZHEN, Chun-Ru WANG, Chun-Ying SHU
Chinese Journal of Analytical Chemistry 2012 Volume 40(Issue 10) pp:1607-1615
Publication Date(Web):October 2012
DOI:10.1016/S1872-2040(11)60581-1
Paramagnetic gadofullerenes and their derivatives exhibit more advantages than commercial Magnevist™ (Gd-DTPA) therefore have become competitive candidates for MR imaging probes. One of the most important properties is the stable fullerene cages are believed to hinder both chemical attacks on the inner clusters and the escape of the toxic lanthanide ions, which should effectively suppress the toxicity of naked Gd3+ ions. Some functionalized gadofullerides are also available for further conjugation to fabricate multifunctional probes. This review presented the latest findings of MRI imaging probes based on various gadofullerenes, including Gd@C60, Gd@C82 and Gd3N@C80 and discussed the derivative strategy of gadofullerenes determining their relaxivity properties, biodistributions as well as their potential applications as nanoplatform for multifunctional probes.
Co-reporter:Hui Li, Wei Li, Yanjun Zhang, Taishan Wang, Bao Wang, Wei Xu, Li Jiang, Weiguo Song, Chunying Shu and Chunru Wang
Journal of Materials Chemistry A 2011 vol. 21(Issue 22) pp:7878-7881
Publication Date(Web):03 May 2011
DOI:10.1039/C1JM10979K
Chrysanthemum-like α-FeOOH was synthesized via an environment-friendly H2O/ethylene glycol (EG) cooperating-mediated method. Based on detailed characterizations of the as-obtained hierarchical α-FeOOH nanostructure, the assembly process and possible formation mechanism were clarified. The as-obtained α-FeOOH nanomaterial exhibits a high adsorption performance in water treatment.
Co-reporter:Wei Xu ; Tai-Shan Wang ; Jing-Yi Wu ; Yi-Han Ma ; Jun-Peng Zheng ; Hui Li ; Bao Wang ; Li Jiang ; Chun-Ying Shu ;Chun-Ru Wang
The Journal of Physical Chemistry C 2011 Volume 115(Issue 2) pp:402-405
Publication Date(Web):December 14, 2010
DOI:10.1021/jp1087459
We report the preparation, isolation, and spectroscopic characterizations of a novel endofullerene Lu3C2@C88, where a planar trimetallic carbide cluster Lu3C2 is encapsulated by D2-symmetric C88 cage. Meanwhile, the trimetallic nitride endofullerene Lu3N@C88 was also isolated and characterized for comparison. The results revealed that both metal carbide Lu3C2 and metal nitride Lu3N share the same D2-symmetric C88 cage. Theoretical studies revealed that the internal moieties supply the C88 cage with six electrons in both Lu3N@C88 and Lu3C2@C88 cases; however, Lu3N@C88 has a closed-shell electronic structure and Lu3C2@C88 owns an unpaired electron localized on the internal [Lu3C2]6+ moiety. The different molecular electronic structures of Lu3C2@C88 and Lu3N@C88 lead to distinct differences on both the UV−vis absorption spectral features and their electrochemical redox properties.
Co-reporter:Tai-Shan Wang ; Lai Feng ; Jing-Yi Wu ; Wei Xu ; Jun-Feng Xiang ; Kai Tan ; Yi-Han Ma ; Jun-Peng Zheng ; Li Jiang ; Xin Lu ; Chun-Ying Shu ;Chun-Ru Wang
Journal of the American Chemical Society 2010 Volume 132(Issue 46) pp:16362-16364
Publication Date(Web):November 3, 2010
DOI:10.1021/ja107843b
The endohedral fullerene Sc3NC@C80-Ih has been synthesized and characterized; it has an unprecedented planar quinary cluster in a fullerene cage. It is also the first chemical compound in which the presence of an unprecedented (NC)3− trianion has been disclosed. The fascinating intramolecular dynamics in Sc3NC@C80-Ih enables the whole molecule to display high polarity and promising ferroelectricity. This finding inspires the possibility that such a planar quinary cluster may be useful in constructing many other endohedral fullerenes.
Co-reporter:Yanjun Zhang, Jianjun Wang, Hongfei Zhu, Hui Li, Li Jiang, Chunying Shu, Wenping Hu and Chunru Wang
Journal of Materials Chemistry A 2010 vol. 20(Issue 44) pp:9858-9860
Publication Date(Web):18 Oct 2010
DOI:10.1039/C0JM02872J
Zn2SnO4 (ZTO) nanowires were prepared by thermal evaporation method and ultraviolet photodetectors based on an individual ZTO nanowire were investigated. The devices exhibited high performance such as high “ON/OFF” current ratio, high response speed and excellent device stability.
Co-reporter:Bao Li Dr. Dr.;Xin Lu Dr.;Lothar Dunsch Dr.;Zhongfang Chen Dr.;T.JohnS. Dennis Dr.;Zhiqiang Shi Dr.;Li Jiang Dr.;Taishan Wang Dr.;Wei Xu Dr.;Chunru Wang Dr.
Angewandte Chemie International Edition 2010 Volume 49( Issue 5) pp:962-966
Publication Date(Web):
DOI:10.1002/anie.200905263
Co-reporter:Taishan Wang Dr.;Jingyi Wu Dr.;Wei Xu Dr.;Junfeng Xiang Dr.;Xin Lu Dr.;Bao Li Dr.;Li Jiang Dr. Dr.;Chunru Wang Dr.
Angewandte Chemie International Edition 2010 Volume 49( Issue 10) pp:1786-1789
Publication Date(Web):
DOI:10.1002/anie.200906325
Co-reporter:Bao Li Dr. Dr.;Xin Lu Dr.;Lothar Dunsch Dr.;Zhongfang Chen Dr.;T.JohnS. Dennis Dr.;Zhiqiang Shi Dr.;Li Jiang Dr.;Taishan Wang Dr.;Wei Xu Dr.;Chunru Wang Dr.
Angewandte Chemie 2010 Volume 122( Issue 5) pp:974-978
Publication Date(Web):
DOI:10.1002/ange.200905263
Co-reporter:Taishan Wang Dr.;Jingyi Wu Dr.;Wei Xu Dr.;Junfeng Xiang Dr.;Xin Lu Dr.;Bao Li Dr.;Li Jiang Dr. Dr.;Chunru Wang Dr.
Angewandte Chemie 2010 Volume 122( Issue 10) pp:1830-1833
Publication Date(Web):
DOI:10.1002/ange.200906325
Co-reporter:Tai-Shan Wang ; Ning Chen ; Jun-Feng Xiang ; Bao Li ; Jing-Yi Wu ; Wei Xu ; Li Jiang ; Kai Tan ; Chun-Ying Shu ; Xin Lu ;Chun-Ru Wang
Journal of the American Chemical Society 2009 Volume 131(Issue 46) pp:16646-16647
Publication Date(Web):October 30, 2009
DOI:10.1021/ja9077842
For the first time, we have produced the stable compound Sc4C2@C80-Ih and characterized it as a metal carbide endofullerene by FTIR and Raman spectroscopies in combination with DFT calculations. Furthermore, DFT calculations have demonstrated that this molecule has a Russian-doll-type structure, C2@Sc4@C80.
Co-reporter:Mirong Guan, Jiechao Ge, Jingyi Wu, Guoqiang Zhang, Daiqin Chen, Wei Zhang, Ying Zhang, Toujun Zou, Mingming Zhen, Chunru Wang, Taiwei Chu, Xiaojuan Hao, Chunying Shu
Biomaterials (October 2016) Volume 103() pp:75-85
Publication Date(Web):October 2016
DOI:10.1016/j.biomaterials.2016.06.023
A novel phototheranostic platform based on tri-malonate derivative of fullerene C70 (TFC70)/photosensitizer (Chlorin e6, Ce6) nanovesicles (FCNVs) has been developed for effective tumor imaging and treatment. The FCNVs were prepared from amphiphilic TFC70-oligo ethylene glycol -Ce6 molecules. The developed FCNVs possessed the following advantages: (i) high loading efficiency of Ce6 (up to ∼57 wt%); (ii) efficient absorption in near-infrared light region; (iii) enhanced cellular uptake efficiency of Ce6 in vitro and in vivo; (iv) good biocompatibility and total clearance out from the body. These unique properties suggest that the as-prepared FCNVs could be applied as an ideal theranostic agent for simultaneous imaging and photodynamic therapy of tumor. This finding may provide a good solution to highly efficient phototheranostic applications based on fullerene derivatives fabricated nanostructures.
Co-reporter:Mirong Guan, Jiechao Ge, Jingyi Wu, Guoqiang Zhang, Daiqin Chen, Wei Zhang, Ying Zhang, Toujun Zou, Mingming Zhen, Chunru Wang, Taiwei Chu, Xiaojuan Hao, Chunying Shu
Biomaterials (October 2016) Volume 103() pp:75-85
Publication Date(Web):October 2016
DOI:10.1016/j.biomaterials.2016.06.023
Co-reporter:Xiangyue Meng, Wenqing Zhang, Zhan'ao Tan, Chun Du, Cuihong Li, Zhishan Bo, Yongfang Li, Xiulin Yang, Mingming Zhen, Feng Jiang, Junpeng Zheng, Taishan Wang, Li Jiang, Chunying Shu and Chunru Wang
Chemical Communications 2012 - vol. 48(Issue 3) pp:NaN427-427
Publication Date(Web):2011/11/10
DOI:10.1039/C1CC15508C
Dihydronaphthyl-based [60]fullerene bisadduct derivative, NC60BA, was synthesized at mild temperature in high yield. NC60BA not only possesses a LUMO energy level 0.16 eV higher than PC61BM but also has amorphous nature that can overcome thermal-driven crystallization. The fabricated P3HT:NC60BA-based polymer solar cells exhibit superior photovoltaic performance and thermal stability compared to PC61BM-based devices under the same conditions.
Co-reporter:Junping Yu, Mirong Guan, Fengyun Li, Zhiping Zhang, Chunru Wang, Chunying Shu, Hongping Wei and Xian-En Zhang
Chemical Communications 2012 - vol. 48(Issue 89) pp:NaN11013-11013
Publication Date(Web):2012/09/21
DOI:10.1039/C2CC36099C
The effects of two C60 derivatives: C60[C(COOH)2]3 and C60(NH2)x(OH)y, have been investigated on the bioluminescence of humanized Gaussia luciferase (hGluc) for the first time. Utilizing the dual properties of carboxyl C60 with luminescence quenching and free radicals scavenging, a novel BRET system was constructed for protease detection with high sensitivity.
Co-reporter:Feng Jiang, Ruimin Li, Jianhua Cai, Wei Xu, Anmin Cao, Daiqin Chen, Xing Zhang, Chunru Wang and Chunying Shu
Journal of Materials Chemistry A 2015 - vol. 3(Issue 38) pp:NaN19438-19438
Publication Date(Web):2015/08/12
DOI:10.1039/C5TA02260F
Melamine cyanurate (MCA) – a kind of hydrogen-bonded self-assembly supramolecular structure material – is readily synthesized by a hydrothermal method. Noble metal nanoparticles (NPs) (Pd, Au bimetallic and monometallic NPs) with an ultrasmall size below 5 nm are homogeneously distributed in the as-prepared MCA via a simple procedure at room temperature without any additional reductant and stabilizer. The as-prepared bimetallic noble metal NPs exhibit good catalytic activities toward the reduction of 4-nitrophenol to 4-aminophenol, and the resulting catalytic activities are even much better than those of monometallic counterparts. This unusual catalytic property should be relevant to the small size of noble nanoparticles and the electronic interaction between the support, Pd and Au nanoparticles.
Co-reporter:Yanjun Zhang, Jianjun Wang, Hongfei Zhu, Hui Li, Li Jiang, Chunying Shu, Wenping Hu and Chunru Wang
Journal of Materials Chemistry A 2010 - vol. 20(Issue 44) pp:NaN9860-9860
Publication Date(Web):2010/10/18
DOI:10.1039/C0JM02872J
Zn2SnO4 (ZTO) nanowires were prepared by thermal evaporation method and ultraviolet photodetectors based on an individual ZTO nanowire were investigated. The devices exhibited high performance such as high “ON/OFF” current ratio, high response speed and excellent device stability.
Co-reporter:Hui Li, Wei Li, Yanjun Zhang, Taishan Wang, Bao Wang, Wei Xu, Li Jiang, Weiguo Song, Chunying Shu and Chunru Wang
Journal of Materials Chemistry A 2011 - vol. 21(Issue 22) pp:NaN7881-7881
Publication Date(Web):2011/05/03
DOI:10.1039/C1JM10979K
Chrysanthemum-like α-FeOOH was synthesized via an environment-friendly H2O/ethylene glycol (EG) cooperating-mediated method. Based on detailed characterizations of the as-obtained hierarchical α-FeOOH nanostructure, the assembly process and possible formation mechanism were clarified. The as-obtained α-FeOOH nanomaterial exhibits a high adsorption performance in water treatment.
Co-reporter:Shumu Li, Dingjiang Xue, Wei Xu, Yongqiang Feng, Jingxia Wang, Guoqiang Zhang, Xiangyue Meng, Chunru Wang, Yanlin Song and Chunying Shu
Journal of Materials Chemistry A 2014 - vol. 2(Issue 8) pp:NaN1504-1504
Publication Date(Web):2013/11/19
DOI:10.1039/C3TC32081B
A facile method for improving the photo current of the [60]PCBM ([6,6]-phenyl-C61-butyric acid methyl ester)/P3HT (poly(3-hexylthiophene)) photodetector device is demonstrated, and 1.6 times enhancement of the on/off ratio of the device is obtained by using wavelength-matched photonic crystals as substrates.
Co-reporter:Mirong Guan, Tingxiao Qin, Jiechao Ge, Mingming Zhen, Wei Xu, Daiqin Chen, Shumu Li, Chunru Wang, Hongmei Su and Chunying Shu
Journal of Materials Chemistry A 2015 - vol. 3(Issue 5) pp:NaN783-783
Publication Date(Web):2014/11/20
DOI:10.1039/C4TB01314J
Amphiphilic trismethylpyridylporphyrin-C70 (PC70) dyad with improved photosensitization has been successfully prepared. The PC70 dyad forms a liposomal nanostructure through molecular self-assembling. An increased absorption coefficient in the visible region, good biocompatibility, and high photostability were observed on the self-assembling structure. Surprisingly, in comparison with previously reported photosensitizer porphyrins, PC70 exhibited an enhanced photodynamic therapy (PDT) effect under hypoxia conditions. Further investigations illustrated that PC70 went through an extremely long-life triplet state (211.3 μs) under hypoxia, which enabled the exiguous oxygen to approach and interact with the activated (3P-C70)* more efficiently and produce more singlet oxygen. This would overcome the problem of existing photosensitizers of low PDT efficiency in cancerous tissues under hypoxia. The excellent properties of PC70 dyad make it a promising phototherapeutic agent, especially for the treatment of early- and late-stage cancers under shallow and hypoxia tissues.
Co-reporter:Toujun Zou, Mingming Zhen, Daiqin Chen, Ruimin Li, Mirong Guan, Chunying Shu, Hongbin Han and Chunru Wang
Dalton Transactions 2015 - vol. 44(Issue 19) pp:NaN9119-9119
Publication Date(Web):2015/04/07
DOI:10.1039/C4DT03482A
Manganese-porphyrin compounds as MRI contrast agents have drawn particular attention due to high relaxivities and unique biodistribution. It has been reported that the charge density of the metal center and steric decompression of the substituents, rather than rotational correlation time, were the key factors to determine the relaxivities of manganese(III) porphyrins. In this study, [6,6]-phenyl-C61-butyric acid (PC61BA) was introduced into 5-(4-aminophenyl)-10,15,20-tris (4-sulfonatophenyl) porphyrin (APTSPP) to investigate the influence on water proton relaxation. The obtained PC61BA-APTSPP-Mn possesses a relaxivity of 19.2 mM−1 s−1, which is greater than that of Mn-APTSPP (11.2 mM−1 s−1) and clinically used Gd-DTPA (4.1 mM−1 s−1) at 0.5 T, and even more effective compared with those binding manganese(III) porphyrins to certain macromolecules. It was reasonably speculated that the high relaxivity of PC61BA-APTSPP-Mn should ascribe to the charge density variation of MnIII and steric decompression induced by PC61BA. Both fluorescence emission spectra and cyclic voltammetry results verified the presence of electronic communication between PC61BA and APTSPP-Mn. In addition, the hydrodynamic diameter of PC61BA-APTSPP-Mn aggregates was much smaller than that of APTSPP-Mn aggregates, which may contribute to the higher relaxivity by inhibiting the formation of dimers of APTSPP-Mn. Therefore, the introduction of fullerene derivatives is suggested to be a good strategy for the improvement of the relaxivities of manganese(III) porphyrins.
Co-reporter:Guoqiang Zhang, Zhizhong Sun, Hongtao Song, Mingming Zhen, Mirong Guan, Taiwei Chu, Shunzhong Luo, Chunru Wang and Chunying Shu
Journal of Materials Chemistry A 2015 - vol. 3(Issue 35) pp:NaN7013-7013
Publication Date(Web):2015/08/07
DOI:10.1039/C5TB00983A
A radioactive metallofullerene 177LuxLu(3−x)N@C80 was firstly synthesized by means of neutron irradiation on Lu3N@C80. After modification by methoxypolyethylene glycol amine, in vivo investigation on tumor-bearing mice was performed. The results reveal favorable affinity toward tumors, suggesting that the obtained 177LuxLu(3−x)N@C80–PCBPEG could be promising for tumor diagnosis and therapy.
![Benzenepentanoic acid, δ-[2-[(4-methylphenyl)sulfonyl]hydrazinylidene]-, methyl ester](/data/chemimg/137000/571170-23-5.png)
![Benzenepentanoic acid, δ-[2-[(4-methylphenyl)sulfonyl]hydrazinylidene]-, methyl ester](/data/chemimg/137000/571170-23-5_b.png)
![Manganese, [21H,23H-porphinato(2-)-κN21,κN22,κN23,κN24]-, (SP-4-1)-](/data/chemimg/2117900/15213-43-1.png)
![Manganese, [21H,23H-porphinato(2-)-κN21,κN22,κN23,κN24]-, (SP-4-1)-](/data/chemimg/2117900/15213-43-1_b.png)
![Dinaphtho[2',3':1,9;2'',3'':16,17][5,6]fullerene-C -I , 1',1'',4',4''-tetrahydro-](/data/chemimg/3731600/1431861-41-4.png)
![Dinaphtho[2',3':1,9;2'',3'':16,17][5,6]fullerene-C -I , 1',1'',4',4''-tetrahydro-](/data/chemimg/3731600/1431861-41-4_b.png)
![[60]PCBA](/data/chemimg/110100/161196-26-5.png)
![[60]PCBA](/data/chemimg/110100/161196-26-5_b.png)
![Ferrate(2-), [7,12-diethenyl-3,8,13,17-tetramethyl-21H,23H-porphine-2,18-dipropanoato(4-)-κN21,κN22,κN23,κN24]-, hydrogen (1:2), (SP-4-2)-](/data/chemimg/522800/14875-96-8.png)
![Ferrate(2-), [7,12-diethenyl-3,8,13,17-tetramethyl-21H,23H-porphine-2,18-dipropanoato(4-)-κN21,κN22,κN23,κN24]-, hydrogen (1:2), (SP-4-2)-](/data/chemimg/522800/14875-96-8_b.png)
![Gadolinate(1-),[1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane-1,4,7,10-tetraacetato(4-)-kN1,kN4,kN7,kN10,kO1,kO4,kO7,kO10]-, sodium (9CI)](http://img.cochemist.com/ccimg/93000/92923-44-9.png)
![Gadolinate(1-),[1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane-1,4,7,10-tetraacetato(4-)-kN1,kN4,kN7,kN10,kO1,kO4,kO7,kO10]-, sodium (9CI)](http://img.cochemist.com/ccimg/93000/92923-44-9_b.png)
![Zinc, [5,10,15,20-tetraphenyl-21H,23H-porphinato(2-)-κN21,κN22,κN23,κN24]-, (SP-4-1)-](/data/chemimg/478800/14074-80-7.png)
![Zinc, [5,10,15,20-tetraphenyl-21H,23H-porphinato(2-)-κN21,κN22,κN23,κN24]-, (SP-4-1)-](/data/chemimg/478800/14074-80-7_b.png)
